Stationary (Standing) Waves in Closed and Open Tubes | A-level Physics

We discuss longitudinal stationary sound waves in closed and open tubes (air columns). With the help of a simulation, we discuss their formation, key features, the formulae for frequencies of harmonics, and the differences between closed and open tubes.

We are grateful to Walter Fendt for the simulation (and some images) used in the video:

You can learn more about these concepts and the physics of wind instruments in the following:

[erinwallborg]

Can this help calculating the resonance peaks in for example - In Ear Earphones? As the ear canal is a form of a tube, can I predict the interactions of waves frequency-wise?

[annalycesetyaaverina]

Great animation! It really helps us understanding how the particles inside the tube oscillate and how could they produce nodes and antinodes. Thanks!

[maggieclarkson]

Great explanation and great animation. I will be using this video with my students. Your doing a great job! Keep going!

[francoismukagaga]

Because of the publicity underneath your video's it's imposible the see the comments, grrr! Great job! Great animations ! Thank you for sharing !👍🍀🍀14/4/24 FM👋

[StudywithmeinPakistan]

Good explaination, how can i make such animations for my students in urdu.