8 Stages of Development by Erik Erikson

About this video lesson:
Erikson's theory of psychosocial development identifies eight stages in which a healthy individual should pass through from birth to death. At each stages we encounter different needs, ask new questions and meet people who influence our behavior and learning. #learn #development

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1) Basic Trust vs. Mistrust, Infancy (1-2 years)
As infants, we ask ourselves if we can trust the world and we wonder if it's safe. We learn that if we can trust someone now, we can also trust others in the future. If we experience fear, we develop doubt and mistrust. The key to our development is our mother.

2) Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt, Early childhood (2-4 years)
In our early childhood, we experience ourselves and discover our body. We ask: is it okay to be me? If we are allowed to discover ourselves, then we develop self-confidence. If we are not, we can develop shame and self-doubt. Both parents now play a major role.

3) Initiative vs. Guilt, Preschool Age (4-5 years)
In preschool, we take initiative, try out new things, and learn basic principles like how round things roll. We ask: Is it okay for me to do what I do? If we are encouraged, we can follow our interests. If we are held back or told that what we do is silly, we can develop guilt. We are now learning from the entire family.

4) Industry vs. Inferiority, School Age (5-12 years)
Now we discover our own interests and realize that we are different from others. We want to show that we can do things right. We ask if we can make it in this world? If we receive recognition from our teachers or peers we become industrious, which is another word for hard-working. If we get too much negative feedback, we start to feel inferior and lose motivation. Our neighbors and schools now influence us the most.

5) Identity vs. Role Confusion, Adolescence (13–19 years)
During adolescence, we learn that we have different social roles. We are friends, students, children, and citizens. Many experience an identity crises. If our parents now allow us to go out and explore, we can find an identity. If they push us to conform to their views, we can face role confusion and feel lost. Key to our learning are our peers and role models.

6) Intimacy vs. Isolation, Early Adulthood (20-40 years)
As young adults, we slowly understand who we are and we start to let go of the relationships we had built earlier in order to fit in. We ask ourselves if we can love? If we can make a long-term commitment, we are confident and happy. If we cannot form intimate relationships, we might end up feeling isolated and lonely. Our friends and partners are now central to our development.

7) Generativity vs. Stagnation - Adulthood (40-65)
When we reach our forties we become comfortable, use our leisure time creatively and maybe begin contributing to society. Our concern is Generativity. If we think that we are able to lead the next generation into this world, we are happy. If we did not resolve some conflicts earlier, we can become pessimistic and experience stagnation. People at home and at work are now who influence us most.

8) Ego Integrity vs. Despair, Maturity (65-death)
As we grow older we tend to slow down and begin to look back over our lives. We ask: how have I done? If we think we did well, we develop feelings of contentment and integrity. If not, we can experience despair and become grumpy and bitter. Time to compare us with mankind.

Erik Erikson was a German-American psychologist who together with his wife Joan, became known for his work on psychosocial development. He was influenced by Sigmund and Anna Freud and became famous for coining the phrase "identity crisis." Although Erikson lacked even a bachelor's degree, he served as a professor at Harvard and Yale.

[grailchaser]

So glad to have discovered this. I look at these stages and realise that in many instances, I got the "bad" result. And yet I've still struggled on despite the distrust, shame, guilt and identity crisis that plagued me. I'm glad that I'm becoming a teacher and I'm in generative mode. A chance arises now to be someone who can stop "bad results" for another generation.

[KaisaSalonpaa]

I've got a psychology exam tomorrow and I'm really tired... Hardly read at all but this video is awesome and I'll surely remember important stuff after watching this video for a few times! 😃

[midbell]

i went through all these stages in the womb. right now im dealing with the hollow universe vs conscious creation stage

[kopui]

this hits more when not only do you realize you connect with the second options, but also that I most likely have been causing my younger siblings to experience the same thing

[ivy-kmsz]

1 ) Basic trust vs mistrust - infancy stage
2 ) Autonomy vs shame and doubt - early childhood
3 ) Initiative vs guilt - preschool
4 ) Industry vs inferiority - school age
5 ) Identity vs role confusion - Adolescence
6 ) Intimacy vs isolation
7 ) Generativity vs stagnation
8 ) Ego integrity vs despair

[TBrianOnline]

The graphics are just fantastic. I'm loving this style of teaching!

[cheekianteoh]

Erikson's theory of psychosocial development (stage theory) tells us that we should go through 8 stages of life development from birth to death. At each stage, we encounter different needs, ask questions, and meet new people that affect our judgment and experience in our lives.
Each stage is a challenge for each individual, and if we cannot pass through the stage, we cannot advance to another stage but are stuck in the problems we haven't resolved within.
1st stage - trust vs mistrust (age: 0 - 2 or infancy)

We feel anxious the time we leave our mother's womb and come into the new world. We question whether we can trust others. If our caretaker provides us love and care, we would feel warm and comfortable around people, and thus develop trust. If our caretaker makes us fear, we would not easily trust others, afraid that they will be bad for us too, thus untrust.
- Key person: caretaker(basically our mom)
2nd stage - autonomy vs shame & doubt (age: 2 - 4 or early childhood)
We start to know about our existence, the characteristic of us, that comes down from our parents. We question whether it is okay to learn and explore that ourselves. If our parents allow us to explore, we will gain more confidence, more self-confidence. If our parents discourage us to explore, in some way due to tradition, or certain rules, we will doubt ourselves, even feel shame, thus become less confident.
- Key person: parents (mom and dad)
3rd stage - initiative vs guilt (age: 4 - 5 or pre-school)
We begin to get curious about everything, try different things, and take initiative. Exploring, and taking up the things we are interested in is fun if we receive encouragement from our family members. Otherwise, if they tell us that the things we are interested in are foolish or dumb, we will feel like we have done a thing we shouldn't do, thus forming guilt.
- Key person: our whole family (including siblings, aunts, grandparents...)
4th stage - industry vs inferior (age: 5 - 12 or school-age)
If we have passed the 3rd stage, we have discovered our interests. We wanna prove that we can do great in the things we are interested in. If we get the approval of what we are interested in, we will get the motivation to do it more, thus more enjoyable. If we get disapproval, we may feel inferior, thus no motivation to pursue our interest.
- For my exp: I have been interested in table tennis since I was 9 in school. And I got in the table tennis club in school and got trained. My family, friends, teachers, and coach are really supportive, and thus really enjoy it.
- my opinion: I believe I am at the identity foreclosure stage at that point since I really wanna be varsity in table tennis due to my coach at that point lol.
5th stage - identity vs role-confusion(age: 12 - 20 or adolescence / young adulthood)
- We find ourselves that we obtain multiple roles, a friend, a student, and a member of society.
- We start to have an identity crisis(coin by Eric too) and feel lost.
- If people around us allow us to discover ourselves freely, we will eventually find our own identity.
- Otherwise, if other people, like parents, or adults, want us to fit into the role they have "paved" for us, and disapprove us to discover ourselves, we will conflict with our "identity", thus leading to role confusion.
6th stage - intimacy vs isolation(early adulthood or age: 20 - 40)
- after passing the stage of identity, we find our own identity, and break the relationships with not so important one to fit in to the true belonging group. We wonder if we can find love in this stage, if yes, we are happy, and if not, we feel lonely.
- key figures: friends and partners
7th stage - generativity vs stagnation (adulthood - 40 - 65)
- In this stage, we find self-interest, love, and the ability to feed ourselves already. So we start to think about our next generation and contribute to society. If they happy, we happy. Otherwise, if the stages before haven't resolve yet, we may face a lot of conflicts in our life.
- Key figure: family and work members
8th stage - ego integrity vs despair
- we think back of our life, the goods and bad. If we think back and feel content about them, we are living enough and thus, content. Otherwise, we might be sad and regret to all the decision we have been made, which affect our mood.

[joygildore]

I am so tired of reading so I went to youtube for help. I have exams later on my major subject, the developmental psychology. Thank you, it helps a lot 💛✊

[uanip]

Yooo, I didn't get any of what I needed thru age 19 and that's what tainted the rest of my growth until I picked myself up and got myself together starting at age 27.

[steven_tanyt]

This play through is pretty good
I’m currently level 23 and I am playing as the Asian character.
I was having trouble on the intimacy level until I started working out, started understanding who I am and finding activities to make me happy.
Can’t wait for level 40

[FDL]

I wish I saw this video years ago when I was studying. This makes it all clear instead of the books.

[morrell]

At first I was learning by Trying to find myself...
Then I was learning by FAILING to find myself...
But now I decided to learn by just DOING...
LIFE IS GOOD

[nilsonpmjr]

Im shaking. This video gave so many insights about my life. I can't say I understand it better now, but it's a beginning. Thanks

[Alexandra-yrqr]

great video! i've just learned about this a few days ago in college! it's so accurate and it made me think about my insecurities and why they've stuck with me.

[blueovis]

Most of the videos in Sprouts are in my course outline!! This is very helpful with my studies and this is easier to comprehend than my classmates' reports.

[tasha]

I am so glad that I watch this video! It was very informative and I was able to pay attention and listen! This was very helpful.

[bozenakucharska]

Dziękuję za nagranie i przetłumaczenie filmu.

[mandironajane]

This online class is stressing me out Kaway sa mga educ diyan na nagte-take ng The Child Adolescents Learners and Learning Principles!!!

[putuayu]

Video yang menarik, kesimpulan yang saya dapat adalah semua tahap tahap yang terjadi didalam video sangat penting bagi seorang anak terutama yang paling menarik pada Tahap kedua Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt. Karena peran kedua orang tua amatlah penting untuk apa yang membentuk sifat anak kedepannya. Seorang anak menurut saya sangat dipengaruhi dengan bagaimana orang tua yang tumbuh bersama mereka sejak dari lahir.

[ihacscr]

Best video on Erik Erikson’s Stages of Development and I’ve seen a bunch of them. Great art work and clear concise comprehensive explanations.