Zoho Coding Quiz 29 | C Debugging Quiz | Loop Debugging Challenge

In this quiz, we’ll focus on debugging a C program that involves a for loop and conditional logic to understand its flow. You'll analyze the program, debug it, and determine its correct output.

Concept Breakdown:

Understanding for Loops in C: A for loop in C is used to repeat a block of code a specific number of times, with three components:

Initialization: The starting point of the loop.

Condition: The condition that is checked before each iteration.

Update: The action performed after each iteration.
In this program, the for loop starts with a = 6, and b = 4, and increments a by 6 in each iteration, checking if a is divisible by b.

Understanding the if Statement: The if statement inside the loop checks whether the value of a is divisible by b (i.e., a % b == 0). If the condition is true, the break statement is executed, causing the loop to terminate early.

The break Statement: The break statement is used to exit from the loop when the specified condition is met.

printf Statement: The printf function is used to display the final value of a after the loop is terminated.

Step-by-Step Execution:

Initialization:

a starts at 6, and b is set to 4.
The loop condition is a is less than or equal to 24, so the loop will continue as long as a is less than or equal to 24.

First Iteration:

a = 6, and b = 4.
The if statement checks 6 % 4 == 0, which is false (6 is not divisible by 4).
The loop continues to the next iteration, and a is incremented by 6, so a becomes 12.

Second Iteration:

a = 12, and b = 4.
The if statement checks 12 % 4 == 0, which is true (12 is divisible by 4).
Since the condition is true, the break statement is executed, which exits the loop early.

Post-Loop Execution:

The program exits the loop and prints the value of a, which is 12.

Output Explanation:
The final output of the program is 12 because the loop terminates when a = 12, as it is divisible by 4. The printf statement then prints this value.

Key Concepts:

for Loops:

for loops are commonly used for repeating code a specified number of times. They are controlled by an initialization, condition, and update expression.
In this case, a increments by 6 after each iteration.

Conditional Checks (if):

The if statement is used to check if a is divisible by b using the modulo operator %.
The break statement causes an immediate exit from the loop if the condition is true.

Output Flow:

The loop starts with a = 6 and checks the condition a % b == 0 in each iteration.
After a reaches 12, it satisfies the condition, and the loop is terminated.

Practice Challenge:
Try changing the values of a or b and observe the output. For example:
What if b = 3 instead of b = 4?
What will happen if a starts at a higher value, like a = 12?

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