Find the sum of cardinal numbers of the subsets

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In mathematics, the cardinality of a set is a measure of the "number of elements" of the set. For example, the set A={2,4,6} contains 3 elements, and therefore A has a cardinality of 3

Question) A set has ‘n’ elements. Find the sum of the cardinal numbers of all the subsets of it.

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For the new problem
The minimum number required is ONE.
The way to determine which switch is the one that works is to use binary numbers with the bulbs. There are 8 switches and 8 different possibilities on the bulbs.
We label the switches 1 through 8 and the light bulbs 3, 2, 1 where light bulb 3 is the hundreds position of the binary conversion; light bulb 2 is the tens position on the binary conversion and light bulb 1 is the ones.
So we connect one side of all the switches to the source. and the other side of each switch as follows:
Switch 1 connects to bulb 1 and nothing more
Switch 2 connects to bulb 2 and nothing more
Switch 3 connects to bulbs 1 and 2
Switch 4 connects to bulb 3 and nothing more
Switch 5 connects to bulbs 3 and 1
Switch 6 connects to bulbs 3 and 2
Switch 7 connects to all bulbs
Switch 8 connects to NOTHING
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After all the connections are done you switch ALL of the switches to the ON position.
__
If Switch 1 is the one that works then the light bulbs will read 001
If Switch 2 is the one that works then the light bulbs will read 010
If Switch 3 is the one that works then the light bulbs will read 011
If Switch 4 is the one that works then the light bulbs will read 100
If Switch 5 is the one that works then the light bulbs will read 101
If Switch 6 is the one that works then the light bulbs will read 110
If Switch 7 is the one that works then the light bulbs will read 111
If Switch 8 is the one that works then the light bulbs will read 000
---
So once is connected this way all you have to do is enter the room ONCE and convert the on and off from binary to decimal. The decimal value will give you the only switch that works.

tomasdiaz
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Answer to the new problem is ONLY ONE time to enter the room. I will be doing a better explanation of this soon.

tomasdiaz