Comparison: Most Deadly Diseases

The main causes of death in the world are associated with three large groups of diseases: cardiovascular (coronary heart disease, stroke), respiratory (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lower respiratory tract infections) and neonatal pathological conditions (asphyxia of newborns and birth trauma, sepsis and other infectious diseases). diseases of the newborn, as well as complications of preterm birth) (in descending order of the total number of deaths).

Causes of death can be classified into three categories: transmissible (infectious and parasitic diseases, as well as pathological conditions during pregnancy, childbirth and feeding), non-communicable diseases (chronic) and injuries.

Plague (or plague disease) is an infectious disease caused by the plague bacterium (lat. Yersinia Pestis; discovered in 1894), found on small animals (rodents) and on parasites living on them - fleas. It is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected flea, through direct contact with infected materials, or through airborne droplets from an infected person.

Smallpox is caused by the variola virus (lat. Variola). It is transmitted by airborne droplets, as well as through objects with which the infected person has come into contact. The incubation period is 7-17 days. The disease begins with a sharp increase in temperature, headache, often nausea and vomiting. After 2-3 days, the temperature subsides, a nodular-bubbly rash appears on the skin and mucous membranes, leaving behind scars (pockmarks). In 30% of cases, a lethal outcome is observed, with rare forms (confluent, hemorrhagic, purple), mortality reaches 70% and above.

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