Dreadnought: The Battleship that Changed Everything

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Sources:

Robert K. Massie, Dreadnought: Britain, Germany and the Coming of the Great War

Ben Wilson, Empire of the Deep: The Rise and Fall of the British Navy

Music:

Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License

Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License

Hearts of Oak.

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*Video* *Notes* *and* *Links*

1. So it’s probably worth noting here that when Dreadnought made all other Battleships irrelevant, it didn’t do so equally. For example, Japan had constructed two ‘semi-dreadnoughts’ a couple of years earlier, which more 10-inch guns than was standard at the time. The Americans too were moving towards building an ‘all-big-gun’ battleship, but they were much slower at getting them built than the British.

Sources:

Robert K. Massie, Dreadnought: Britain, Germany and the Coming of the Great War

Ben Wilson, Empire of the Deep: The Rise and Fall of the British Navy

Music:

“Crypto" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License

“Division" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License

historigraph

Germany: Builds a wooden rowing boat for weekend recreation.

Britain: Instantly builds five 32, 000 ton battleships, as a reaction.

notmenotme

Admiral Fisher: Now all battleships are obsolete
Prime Minster: Including our own ships Admiral
Admiral Fisher: D'OH!!!!

snakes

Any other country: * has a decent size Navy * Great Britain: *Wait that’s illegal*

ltk_xv

Ok so holy crap, I guess I'm a huge Dreadnought fan now.

iammrbeat

Good video, but some additionnal but important are, in my opinion, missing to understand the Dreadnought revolution.

The first one is the importance of the Fisher's doctrine, which include all-big-gun design AND mobility. The second part of "too weak to fight and too slow to run away" is crucial in the Dreadnought conception: the ship must be able to overcome any type of 1900's battleship, but more importantly must be able to choose when and how to fight and retreat. This is the second part of Dreadnought Revolution: the steam turbine. With this new motorisation, the battleship was quicker in term of cruise speed, can accelerate quicker, and can sustain full power better than pre-dreadnought conception. The battlecruiser was although the pinacle of this conception.

The second point, important to understand the necessity for the Royal Navy to build the Dreadnought, is that other naval power was thinking to their own all-big-gun battleship. Cuniberti, an italian naval engineer which designed some effective battleships for the Regia Marina suggest a quick 12 305mm broadside design, declined by Rome for budget reasons. So he published, with italian permission the design in 1903 in the Jane's journal, which received a lot of interrest around the globe.

Japan particulary, linking the Cuniberti project to their Tsuhima feedback to design the Satsuma, laid down 6 month before the Dreadnought. But, due to budgetary cuts and difficulty to produce 12-inchs gun, she was finally doted with 4 12-inches and 12 10-inches, and lauched after is british counterpart. And, in the other side of the Pacific, US engineer published too a lot of papers about all-big-gun conception, and laid down their own version in 1906 with the South Carolina class. Notable fact, Japan and US do not keep the steam turbine solution for propulsion - too innovative so unreliable - and put their efforts in the design of optimized triple-expansion steam machine and hull design in order to reach the mobility of Cuniberti project. The existence of those projects must be connected to the importance for the Royal Navy to complete the Dreadnought as soon as possible.

The revolution of Dreadnought is not just to put as much 305+ mm guns on a hull: it's a revolution in the conception of naval warfare, with a transition from slow but heavily armored line of battleships to agile modern battleship, able to engage and disengage quickly, doted with powerfull broadside in order to drop a maximum of shells in a minimum of time. Last but not least, the conception of All-Big-Guns battleships (and battlecruiser) comes with the parallel apparition of "light armored cruiser", quicker than older design and doted with homogeneous light artillery (4 to 6 inchs), designed to 2 mission: 1) operate with battleships by scouting them and neutralize torpedo boats, destroyers, the battleships lacking the light but quick secondary artillery necessary to deal with them, and opposite cruiser, for blinding the opposite battleships; 2) Operate alone for sovereignity purpose on overseas station (cheaper than battleships, and efficient enough for covering trade routes and assure presence).

Jenkouille

I've actually read Massi's book "Dreadnought" its a long read but very fascinating. If you do read it, you MUST read its follow up "Castles of Steel" which culminates in a terrific history of the Battle of Jutland. Between the two books you get a complete history of Britain, and the British navy, from Queen Victoria's Jubilee, to the end of WW1

KlunkerRider

Portsmouth lad right here and this video has me feeling so much pride! Cheers mate 👍

hazajacko

Massies's book is a classic ....it not only gives a comprehensive view of the naval arms race prior to WW1 but he also provides a fascinating narration of all of the political/dynastic maneuvering that led up to the war.

A must read for everyone who seeks to understand how that terrible but event occurred

LtBrown

In case you want to play a game of the time period, there is one called Rule the Waves, Rule the Waves 2 is coming march 2019 as well.

hko

Dreadnought also used asbestos instead of wood for interior fittings. This was advanced technology for the day. This saved weight and was also fireproof. The armor was changed from previous designs into an "all or nothing" concept. Armor was placed over the vital parts of the ship only, where non vital parts were unarmored. Reducing the number of different calibers of guns on the ship had the advantage of allowing more ammo to be stored for each gun, so rather than the ammo storage having to hold 6 or more different calibers, it only had to hold two for the same space and weight- reducing the risk of running low on ammo during a fight and having the wrong calibers left in inventory. These designs, plus the turbine engines, is what made Dreadnought fast and maneuverable.

tjsogmc

Dreadnought is given credit for being the first single caliber battleship in commission, but that a revolution coming with or without Dreadnought. For me, the leap was the adoption of turbines over the VTE propulsion.

cadengrace

excellent presentation. Having read Massie's 'Castles of Steel' and 1/4 of the way though his 'Dreadnought', I quite appreciate your work. I'm now a fan.

fredhoupt

Two things worth mentioning.

First, the USS South Carolina and the IJN Nagato class had been laid down shortly before the HMS Dreadnaught. Both were similar 'all big gun' battleships. The British were able to get the Dreadnaught done first despite being laid down later due to their superior shipbuilding industry.

Second, it wasn't the aircraft carrier itself that made the battleship obsolete. It wasn't until the early 1940s that carrier AIRCRAFT had sufficient range and payload to actually sink an operational battleship at sea before said battleship could catch and sink the carrier...

andrewszigeti

Before I was even 10, the caretaker of our church told me he served on a battleship in WWI, probably British as I'm sure Canada didn't have battleships. Looking back now, what an opportunity it would have been to hear some of his stories but I was too young to barely consider what a battleship was and what was special about it.

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