3 Rejuvenation Strategies For Aging.

You may have heard a lot of talk recently about cellular reprogramming, rejuvenation or even "rejuvenation programming", but what does that all mean and what are the 3 main strategies that several researchers and companies (maybe Altos Labs) will be further investigating?

Well i discuss in this video.

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TIMESTAMPS:
Intro - 00:00
What is rejuvenation? - 00:40
Strategy 1 - Heterochronic transplants - 01:45
Strategy 2 - Cellular Reprogramming - 04:35
Strategy 3 - Endogenous/Natural rejuvenation - 06:45

References:

Please note that The Sheekey Science Show is distinct from Eleanor Sheekey's teaching and research roles at the University of Cambridge. The information provided in this show is not medical advice, nor should it be taken or applied as a replacement for medical advice. The Sheekey Science Show and guests assume no liability for the application of the information discussed.

[TheSheekeyScienceShow]

I need to rejuvenate myself with a cup of tea after how long it took me to make this :D

[DrBradStanfield]

Great explanation Eleanor. Would be pretty epic if they succeed. Would be great if that sort of money could flow into the golden egg of the Interventions Testing Program though: Rapamycin (or maybe I’m just biased 😅)

[mvrao]

Ms Eleanor Sheekey is sincerely contributing a lot with her intent for contributing for the welfare of old people. Three Kudos 👏

[ArticBlueFox]

This is extremely exciting. True Rejuvenation and not just slowing aging or extending life span and health span, seems to have been left out of a lot of discussion. I cannot wait to see the results of this research. Though it still seems to be focusing a lot on cellular aging, and I think we need to look at the rejuvenation of structural aging (such as the aging of collagen and elastin proteins) as well.

[peterz]

On Rejuv #1, Plasma dilution (Ref. Conboy), I've worked out a routine with my local blood bank (Florida), which allows me to continue with my normal platelet donations (for cancer patients) but also donate substantial amounts of plasma. As the plasma is also used for patients they only allow one donation every 4 weeks. For my size, this is 800 mls (~25% of plasma) of which 500 mls is replaced with saline. Albumen is not replaced with saline, as it is with medical plasma exchange, but your liver will quickly replace it. Platelet donation can also be done in between plasma donation so that over a 1 week period one can donate about a third of one's plasma and over 4 weeks over one half. Conboy's data suggests effects last for at least one month. My donation center takes 50 mls of whole blood every donation, plasma or platelets, which may be the reason my ferritin (stored iron) tested below ref range recently. In any case, if you do frequent donations of any sort test (cbc and cmp and ferritin at min). If you use one of the plasma-only centers which allow more frequent donation, twice a week, they may not take whole blood samples, but then again I don't think their plasma goes directly to patients. In any case, donation is free, you can do some good for people in need, and if older like me, might even reap some health benefits.

[icybrain]

I had never properly considered the mechanism mentioned in the 3rd strategy. But now looking at it, of course there is something going on that is reversing age-related damage to the parents' cells. I'm really glad I ran across this video - that's a fun addition to the few bits of rejuvenation biology I've learned about so far.

[danno]

You handled very complicated procedures very well. Thanks so much for doing these videos. Much appreciated! PS: I’m proud to be one of your first Patreons and glad that you set one up…

[inhocsignovinces]

I see a lot of potential in induced pluripotent stem cell reseach for rejuvenation. As in, individually matched, lab-grown "spare parts", like you'd rejuvenate an old car.

[blainebowling]

Thanks for keeping the wheels of the hope train turning. I’m waiting at the station…

[rustybolts]

Hi. Long time no see. Looking forward to the Dr. Sheekey Science show if you are not yet a Dr. already. Thanks for the useful info as usual.

[SeanKula]

I can't wait to see what comes of this whether or not they reverse aging or not.

[ScottSummerill]

So, would donating blood and having your body naturally replace the plasma constitute dilution? Or would it need to be from an exogenous source?

[jimmyboats]

10/10, also if you didn't finish coloring in the sunglasses you would have been a pirate.

[surfreadjumpsleep]

I've been thinking about #3 for the past months or so.. wondering how is it possible for an old dad to make a baby that is age zero... especially when a large part of aging must surely be mutation of DNA. Now I realized what must keep the system going. Well, first of all.. I suppose the system is not really designed for older parents to make babies.

I was wondering if there is some sort of extreme DNA repair happening as part of embryogenesis.

After watching your video, it struck me that there is this built in protection which is: that a man has 100 million sperm in one ejaculation. And it is survival of the fittest which will be the one to form 1/2 of the new human.

And so, most likely because the sperm with DNA damage would be less likely to win the marathon to the egg, the system selects the best copy of DNA to create a baby from.


As for the female side, the system simply stops working past some point, as we already know.

So it seems that if we figure out #3, it will require some sort of preparatory step which would be to average out your DNA to construct an average with the fewest DNA errors.

Seems like the reprogramming won't work too well then -- you really need to repair DNA. Can't do that across the soma, so you'd need to use a fix / reprogram / deploy sort of strategy. That'll require a lot more knowledge.

So, true rejuvenation will likely require:

1. an ability to locate and destroy cells with > some amount of DNA damage or DNA damage to specific very important genes. (p53 the world's coolest protein)
2. an ability to average out dna information to correct errors ( i suppose we can do this already today)
3. create a new rejuvenated cell with this perfect DNA and reset epigenome and other -omes.
4. ability to deploy these rejuvenated cells back into the body.



But maybe there could be some way to do the 'replace mutated DNA with a perfect copy' step in vivo via some wild replace all the DNA sort of method that would effect just 5% of cells each time it is run?

[coustoe]

Great video!

Definitely believe it has something to do with blood and the vascular system more than anything else. Damage to the red blood cells can damage the fine capillaries that supply nutrients to organs. Think one of the major culprits is the Thymus which helps the spleen get rid of damaged red blood cells. The Thymus dramatically shrinks with age and is why older people's immune systems are less responsive. Empirically this makes sense. There is a direct correlation to hair loss in men and heart disease both of which are dramatically effected by blood flow to the skin, hair and heart by the capillary system. Beyond men putting more stress on their bodies (vascular system) this could be the reason why women live longer, women's blood is constantly diluted every month, especially reducing blood thickening agents such as iron. In fact Dr. Sinclair mentioned there have been studies that show people with less iron (to a certain point) tend to live longer. We know that when the blood thickens that this can lead to damage in the fine capillaries (a problem well known among bodybuilders who experience heart conditions because of their thick blood due to PED use). Anecdotally this seems to be true. From my own personal test, after I worked on thinning my blood, and improving vascular function (angiogenesis) and regrowing my thymus, my overall health seemed to improve. Hair growth, muscle, heart, mental, bone issues seemed to have improved.

Also on a side note, the observation/meme that Asian women seem to age rapidly after menopause (beyond just hormones), could be because they start experiencing more damage because their blood thickens and isn't diluted every month.

Ultimately I think there is some wisdom in ancient medicine, even if their treatments/conclusions weren't 100% correct, their observations were. Especially observations on blood, like European bad blood (blood letting and getting rid of damaged red blood cells), or Chinese traditional medicine belief that the cause of many ailments were because of blood flow.

[tomasdosek]

Great video, many thanks for your effort. However, as a non-native english speaker it would be even better if you could speak a little bit more distinct and slowlier the next time. Sometimes, I have a hard time understanding the ends of your sentences. Thank you!

[ostrakos]

one thing ive been wondering about such technologies is that how would it be able to bring up to commercial usuage for the public. costs may not be able to go down, or we simply wont have enough supply of people to provide rejevenation services for everyone. what i mean is, since this would most likely be provided by medical doctors abd require quite abit of tests and planning, can we even have enough docotrs to see all the patients, even if we do not artificially limit the supply of doctors. also, maybe there's real high costs to individualised therapy that we cannot bring down, which we can see from ear implants being really expensive, that only the rich can afford it

[williamwalker]

rodent parabiosis actually goes back to work in 1860s France. And there were human experiments by Dr. Bogdanov in the early days of the Soviets. They had plenty of blood, after all.

[ResidualSelfImage]

The human body plasma are filled with more than just red blood cells and white blood cells which age out and eventually die and get replaced by the body - every cell lives reproduces and dies but aging is the gradual degradation of the quality of that reproduction. The amount trace nutrients (e.g. glucose and triglycerides) in the blood can alter how the body's metabolism and this unto itself can slow down the aging effect depending on the condition of the overall health of the metabolism. The human body plays host to non human life forms in its gut microbiome which live symbiotically with the human body and whose community of different species changes over time as we age - the classic lab experiment to demonstrate this is altering the gut microbiome of a mouse to create a rejuvenation effect - resetting the gut microbiome of an elderly obese mouse with gut microbiome from a young physically fit mouse. A major hypothesis / test for aging is accumulative damage to the Thymus glands which is a key component in the immune system... the Thymus gland remembers how T cells should look like to perform autophagy and to kill pathogens. When the Thymus fails the immune system autophagy process will start to fail and this will cause aging or death. Currently there is no non invasive affordable test to determine the level of health of the Thymus glands. The Thymus glands must operate correctly for the autophagy process to work and autophagy and mitophagy process are necessary to keep cellular reproduction fidelity high. Mitophagy test is normally done using biopsy - using special dyes. e.g. MitoTracker (TM) Deep Red dye.... it's all nascent/basic science that one rarely reads about.

[padraig]

What do you think is the most interesting rejuvenation study currently on going? And is there any study’s one should look out for that are ending in 2022?