Earth's geological history | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:


00:02:01 1 Precambrian
00:02:39 1.1 Hadean Eon
00:04:36 1.2 Archean Eon
00:06:38 1.3 Proterozoic Eon
00:07:56 2 Phanerozoic Eon
00:08:38 2.1 Paleozoic Era
00:09:33 2.1.1 Cambrian Period
00:10:30 2.1.2 Ordovician period
00:13:11 2.1.3 Silurian Period
00:14:23 2.1.4 Devonian Period
00:15:55 2.1.5 Carboniferous Period
00:18:12 2.1.6 Permian Period
00:19:32 2.2 Mesozoic Era
00:20:19 2.2.1 Triassic Period
00:22:24 2.2.2 Jurassic Period
00:24:30 2.2.3 Cretaceous Period
00:27:04 2.3 Cenozoic Era
00:27:55 2.3.1 Paleogene Period
00:28:23 2.3.1.1 Paleocene Epoch
00:29:46 2.3.1.2 Eocene Epoch
00:31:36 2.3.1.3 Oligocene Epoch
00:32:45 2.3.2 Neogene Period
00:33:14 2.3.2.1 Miocene Epoch
00:34:22 2.3.2.2 Pliocene Epoch
00:35:57 2.3.3 Quaternary Period
00:36:06 2.3.3.1 Pleistocene Epoch
00:36:39 2.3.3.2 Holocene Epoch
00:38:38 3 See also



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SUMMARY
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The geological history of Earth follows the major events in Earth's past based on the geological time scale, a system of chronological measurement based on the study of the planet's rock layers (stratigraphy). Earth formed about 4.54 billion years ago by accretion from the solar nebula, a disk-shaped mass of dust and gas left over from the formation of the Sun, which also created the rest of the Solar System.
Earth was initially molten due to extreme volcanism and frequent collisions with other bodies. Eventually, the outer layer of the planet cooled to form a solid crust when water began accumulating in the atmosphere. The Moon formed soon afterwards, possibly as a result of the impact of a planetoid with the Earth. Outgassing and volcanic activity produced the primordial atmosphere. Condensing water vapor, augmented by ice delivered from comets, produced the oceans.
As the surface continually reshaped itself over hundreds of millions of years, continents formed and broke apart. They migrated across the surface, occasionally combining to form a supercontinent. Roughly 750 million years ago, the earliest-known supercontinent Rodinia, began to break apart. The continents later recombined to form Pannotia, 600 to 540 million years ago, then finally Pangaea, which broke apart 200 million years ago.
The present pattern of ice ages began about 40 million years ago, then intensified at the end of the Pliocene. The polar regions have since undergone repeated cycles of glaciation and thaw, repeating every 40,000–100,000 years. The last glacial period of the current ice age ended about 10,000 years ago.