Abruptio Placentae vs Placenta Previa Nursing NCLEX Symptoms Causes Management (Placental Abruption)

Placenta previa and abruptio placentae (placental abruption) nursing NCLEX review on differences, symptoms, causes, and nursing interventions.

*What is placental abruption?* It's the detachment of the placenta from the uterine wall BEFORE the birth of the baby. Two types of abruptio placentae include a partial or total placental abruption.

The placenta is a very important structure for maintaining the pregnancy and helps deliver nutrients and oxygen to the baby along with removing waste via the umbilical cord.

When the placenta detaches before the birth of the baby, this can lead to complications that affect both the baby and mother. The baby may lose nutrients and oxygen delivery via the damaged placenta, and the mother could experience hemorrhage along with a life threatening conditions called DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation).

Where should the placenta normally detach from the uterine wall? After the birth of the baby (the times vary but usually within 10-20 minutes after delivery of the baby)

*What are the causes of placental abruption?*

Risk Factors for abruptio placenta include: chronic hypertension, development of preeclampsia, previous placental abruption, trauma to abdomen, cocaine or smoking, PROM (premature rupture of the membranes), multiples or many pregnancies.

Placental abruption symptoms include: dark red bleeding, extended fundal height (due to concealed bleeding), tender uterus, abdominal pain, hard abdomen, fetal distress etc.

*What is placenta previa?* It is the abnormal attachment of the placenta in the uterus near or over the cervical opening.

The placenta is a very important structure for maintaining the pregnancy and it helps deliver nutrients and oxygen to the baby along with removing waste via the umbilical cord.

Where should the placenta normally attach? The placenta should attach either at the top or the side of the uterus, NOT in the lower parts of the uterus, near or over the cervical opening.

*Placenta previa causes:*
Maternal age greater than 35 years old
Multiples
Already had a baby
Drug use: cocaine or smoking
Surgery to the uterus that causes scarring like fibroid removal or c-section etc.

There are different types of placenta previa. These types include:
Total placenta previa: the placenta completely covers the cervical opening
Partial placenta previa: the placenta partially covers the cervical opening (not fully covered)
Marginal placenta previa: the placenta is near the edge of the cervical opening

Cases of placenta previa vary along with treatment. Placenta previa can be detected at the 20 week ultrasound.

Sometimes if the placenta is found to be low lying (partial or marginal previa) the placenta will move upward away from the cervix as the uterus grows throughout the rest of the pregnancy. The position of the placenta will be reassessed at the 32 week ultrasound. Therefore, in some cases of placenta previa, it will correct itself.

Placenta previa symptoms include: bright red painless bleeding, relaxed or soft uterus, and episodes of bleeding that are visible, bleeding after intercourse, abnormal baby position (breech or transverse lie).

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[RegisteredNurseRN]

Hello Everyone :) Thanks for watching! I hope this helps with your maternity class. Don't forget about:

[GinxHorne]

I've had both conditions simultaneously (1992). Thankfully, we both made it. It was also my first and last pregnancy. Aparently caused by severe endometriosis which I then battled another 15 years.
Today I am a blessed mom of a mature daughter... and my daughter gave us a beautiful grandson whose 16 months old.
God really turned tragedy, fear, pain and many tears into joy and blessings.
Blessings to you and yours from South Africa.

[msymcneill]

Continue doing great things! You do all of this without charging a dime! I don’t know what you believe, but the blessings that will come to you will be plentiful! Thanks, you are a true nurse.

[rebeccahart]

You are literally the ONLY reason I have passed ANY of my classes the entire time I've been in nursing school. Thank you so much! Need more Geriatric videos though. Sexual decline, hearing, vision, etc.

[riquerod]

It's been almost a year since this Placenta Abruption took the life of both my daughter and my 7 month old grand daughter. It was so unexpected. We were all on vacation when my daughter collapsed and everyone including off-duty nurses tried to revive her. We thought it was some kind of seizure. About 4 hours later, at the hospital, Doctors tried to save the baby, but it was too late, and about an hour after that, my daughter passed away. It's most definitely the worse thing i've ever experienced in my life. She left behind a 3 year old boy and her husband, who was away in naval deployment at the time. There were no signs in the days before, or even earlier that day. Doctors simply said that when this happens, it happens very quickly, and it is almost impossible to save a persons life when this happens in the way that it did to my daughter. Blessings to all, be safe, life can really be fragile.

[laphil]

You're getting a 48 year old returning student through Nursing School; and I thank you.

[zaidashumway]

I just want to challenge myself and take the NCLEX. I'm reviewing thru your videos. Great teacher! May our Lord Jesus continue to bless you.

[mrs.deshawnmaydwell]

You are heaven sent and I appreciate what you do from the bottom of my heart! May God continue to bless you!

[rosegonzalez]

Its crazy to go back and research this topic because with my 1st born I was 16 at the time . When the doctor's assistant told me I had placenta privia she didn't really explain what it was she just said be careful 🤷‍♀️.. well when I hit 32 weeks exactly I started bleeding heavily and was so scared . They managed to stop my labor for 24 hours and got both steroid shots to help the baby's lungs mature but the next day I was in full blown labor again . Didn't have time for anything the doctors just did a shift change so when he came in he still had his regular clothes on lol . . After my son came my mom told me that my placenta was the 1st thing that came out and that it was in pieces! . I didn't realize how serious everything was until after I had my son and im honestly just glad he survived . He was born 3 pounds 10 ounces. Today he is 8 years old and the greatest boy ever plays sports and loves life ❤ these videos are awesome!

[Postmortemcare]

You’re videos are wonderful. Please keep doing what your doing!! We need more nurses like you 😇

[nicolelam]

I’m using these videos even though I’m a nurse because it helps with my specialty. She makes things so easy to learn! And she’s easy on the eyes :) She is so pretty!

[Bestcirculator]

thank you so much. i took the exam last march 17 and passed this videos helped me a lot..thank you so much 100x

[ketalynn]

NCLEX in 2 days. Thank you for the help these last 2 years 🥹❤️

[HermelindaJenny]

Thank you Sarah, you don't know how much help you given me, and confidence gain I to pass the NCLEX.

[hadikhanmoradi]

I'm a nurse in thank you for your good lectures

[semregob]

This is the first time i understand DIC and abruptio placentae, you are amazing

[hardknocksranch]

My wife is O negative. Im sitting in the ENCU with my daughter Charlotte who made it to 40 weeks. We had a scheduled c section for July 31st. once she was pulled out I noticed how white she was and how eractic her breathing was. With limp arms and legs the only thing keeping me hopeful was her cry. I stayed with her as they took her to the
NICU unsure what was happening the specialist was on his way to us.After The longest 15 minutes ever he arrived. Without missing a beat he jumped in and did an overall
check. Minutes later he said she seemed to be enimic and he was going to run some test but would have to run 2 tubes through her belly button and hook up an IV. He the said he would like to do it without me present.Being a proffesional myself I totaly understood and even with my heart saying dont leave her I stepped out and let them do their work. The test showed her red blood count very low.So they ordered 2 blood transfusions. This helped out alot. She was getting color in her arms and legs. She seemed to be at the very least getting comfortable. Then later that night she started having a hard time breathing on her own so they had to move her to another hospital more equip to handle the issues. She responded really well to the special gas(the name has left my head). A day later she has leveled off and is being weened off all the supplements. We are on day 3 and she is slowy getting better. I have been with he ever since she arrived. The.nurses and my friends keepbtelling me to go home and get some rest. I believe she is comfortable and in good hands so now i will go see momma then home. I believe 100% that modernC medicine is giving our baby a real chance.God bless #PrayforCharlotte

[aliciatrama]

love, love, love your lectures. You are a God send!!!! Your lectures are helping me pass nursing school. huge fan. thanks, Sara

[heatheroteri]

Thank you so much for your videos! I have made it through all of my exams due to your amazing succinct videos.

[kereanzaromhill]

So helpful! Exam is tomorrow and I understand a lot more!