SUBSTANTIVE v PROCEDURAL LAW - Which Rules Rule?

LAW INTRODUCTION 008 In law, rules and regulations can be divided into two categories: substantive and procedural.

Substantive laws
Dictate specific behaviors or actions that are either required or prohibited. For example:
- Adhering to posted speed limits while driving.
- Avoiding price-fixing agreements in business.
- Providing truthful information about the effects of products.
- Obeying traffic signals while driving.
- Avoiding discrimination in hiring practices.
- Obtaining permits before discharging pollutants into water bodies.

Procedural laws
These govern the processes followed in legal proceedings.
They outline how to handle issues related to substantive laws. For example:
- Determining the sequence of events in a court case.
- Deciding whether the accused or the officer presents their case first.
- Providing the right to legal representation.
- Establishing timeframes for hearings and trials.
- Identifying admissible evidence, such as radar readings or eyewitness testimony.
- Assessing the relevance of past behaviors, like speeding incidents from years ago.

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