The First Programming Languages: Crash Course Computer Science #11

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So we ended last episode with programming at the hardware level with things like plugboards and huge panels of switches, but what was really needed was a more versatile way to program computers - software! For much of this series we’ve been talking about machine code, or the 1’s and 0’s our computers read to perform operations, but giving our computers instructions in 1’s and 0’s is incredibly inefficient, and a “higher-level” language was needed. This led to the development of assembly code and assemblers that allow us to use operands and mnemonics to more easily write programs, but assembly language is still tied to underlying hardware. So by 1952 Navy officer Grace Hopper had helped created the first high-level programming language A-0 and compiler to translate that code to our machines. This would eventually lead to IBM’s Fortran and then a golden age of computing languages over the coming decades. Most importantly, these new languages utilized new abstractions to make programming easier and more powerful giving more and more people the ability to create new and amazing things.

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This is seriously the best Crash Course series ever. You took an incredibly complex topic and explained it clearly and concisely. Keep doing what you do!

OceanBagel
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Being a self taught coder with a bachelors in business management, how software ran on hardware was always a mystery to me. Sometimes assuming it's some kind of black magic! Thanks to all of you from Crash Course for enlightening me and other like me, who never really understood the role/existence of memory registries and operation codes!!!
Can't wait for the next episode!

MetalStorm
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6:37 I feel it's important to point out something that might confuse beginners. In Python and many other languages, *the equals sign does not means equals.* It means, "take the thing on the right of the equals sign and put it in the thing on the left of the equals sign. Or take A+B and put it in C.

YeoYeo
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At 10:14, the ChatGPT can now translate plain english to a code. Something that was fiction 5 years ago has become the ultimate reality now.

sanankhan
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Wait, we have records of how many goats some sumerian guy had, but not of A-0 code? Wow.

beretperson
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Sometimes programming languages make more sense to me than *"English"...*

firenationfiles
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8:17 "the high-level, easy to use, COBOL"

*Laugh in pain and sorrow*

jonatansan
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"typical lazy people always designing their own programming language" Lol

lambusaab
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huge bonus points for adding the correct Morse code for the closed captions.

fen
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My dad got to learn from Grace Hopper when he was in the navy. Very few people have earned his respect through his life, and she was one of them. Now I follow him as a programmer. It's amazing how short the world of computers is.

Deveyus
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Plain old English would be such an _awful_ programming language. That thing is crazy ambiguous.
Regardless, man, this series has been consistently fantastic. I'm a software engineer with 10+ years experience, and I haven't felt the urge to grab a pitchfork yet. This show is saying all the really important stuff about CS, and compressing it into something super information-dense. This is the heart-and-soul of why Crash Course is amazing and valuable to society as a whole; if you'll permit me to get wishy-washy and idealistic for just a moment.

verdatum
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I am watching this with my children so they know a little about what I do at work. This is a great series.

osgnuru
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10:07 — Many consider the holy grail of programming to be the use of "plain ol' English", where you can literally just speak what you want the computer to do, it figures it out, and executes it. *This kind of intelligent system is science fiction... for now.*

*ChatGPT:* say whay?

Bobronium
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"Not to be confused with Let it Go and Pokemon Go."
How do you do, fellow kids?

supersnackbros
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Admiral Hopper is one of my childhood hero's. I also admire Lady Ada of Lovelace. Both have made significant contributions to computer science which are still in use today. There is a video of Admiral Hopper in an interview with David Letterman which can give you some insight into her personality and sense of humor. I recommend watching it. She is hilarious. I wish I could have met her in person while she still lived.

StarSong
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Let's look at a compiler!
*Uses an interpreted language to demonstrate*
JK, Great show :P

asp-uwu
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It's funny. Previously, the increase in levels of abstraction only made things more obtuse and difficult to fully grasp/keep track of, but for the very first time, it's like a breath of fresh air, things finally start to click and make more sense. The feeling is similar to reaching the peak of a mountain and seeing the clear skies and breathing a deep breath of fresh air after trudging through all the difficult and overly complicated nonsense.

This was a good video.

ivancito
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As a self-taught dev I really appreciate the work put into this. I am always thinking what video to best reference for what exactly is happening when you punch a bunch of code on the keyboard. Keep it up :)

codeChris
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"Not to be confused with Let It Go, or Pokemon Go" the throwaway gags in these are hilarious!

rebeccaadamson
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This series has lined up perfectly to my computer architecture course at uni here in Australia, we just started assembly so it's cool having a more visual representation

SomethingNick