NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope's First Real Images

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Telescopes peering out to distant reaches of the Universe can see our cosmic history, directly. James Webb Space Telescope can voyage back to “the edge of time” not by actually going anywhere, but by sending us direct images of some of the earliest moments of the Universe – showing us what it would have looked like if we had actually been there, more than 13 billion years ago, watching the first galaxies form. It’s able to do this partly because of the technology, which includes susceptible sensors and a 6.5-meter primary mirror, and partly because of this one weird trick enabled by Einstein’s relativity.

One of the foundational principles of relativity is that everything you see is in the past. There’s nothing special about telescopes in that regard. It is, in fact, impossible to see the present moment at all. Because light takes time to travel (about a second for every 300,000 kilometers), the image you see of a distant thing has already aged by the time it’s reached you – you’re seeing the thing as it was sometime in the past.

It’s not noticeable in daily life because light speed is so fast that when you look at something on the other side of the room, it’s only a handful of nanoseconds in the past, from your perspective. But a space telescope can see distant stars whose light has been traveling for hundreds or thousands of years, and galaxies so far away we’re seeing them as they were billions of years ago.

James Webb Space Telescope, The largest space telescope ever built — begins collecting scientific data that will help answer questions about the earliest moments of the universe and allow astronomers to study exoplanets in greater detail than ever before. NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope, or JWST, is the agency’s incredibly powerful next-generation space telescope, designed to look into the farthest reaches of the Universe and see back in time to the stars and galaxies that formed just after the Big Bang. It cost NASA nearly $10 billion to build and more than two decades to complete. But, on Christmas Day 2021, the telescope finally launched to space, where it underwent an extremely complex unfolding process before reaching its final destination roughly 1 million miles from Earth.

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