RCD (Residual Current Device) protection - Protection against Earth Faults

RCD (Residual Current Device), or residual-current circuit breaker (RCBO), is a device that instantly breaks an electric circuit to prevent serious harm from an ongoing electric shock.

What does an RCD (Residual Current Device) do - An RCD is a sensitive safety device that switches off electricity automatically if there is a fault.
An RCD is designed to protect against the risks of electrocution and fire caused by earth faults. For example, if you cut through the cable when mowing the lawn and accidentally touched the exposed live wires or a faulty appliance overheats causing electric current to flow to earth.

How Does RCD (Residual Current Device) works - These electrical wiring devices are designed to quickly and automatically disconnect a circuit when it detects that the electric current is not balanced between the energized (line) conductor(s) and the return (neutral) conductor. Under normal circumstances, these two wires are expected to carry matching currents, and any difference can indicate a short circuit or other electrical anomaly is present, such as leakage. Leakage can indicate a shock hazard (or shock in progress) which is a potential danger to a person. Current leakage can result in harm or death due to electric shock, especially if the leaking electric current passes through the torso of a human. A current of around 30 mA (0.030 amperes) is potentially sufficient to cause cardiac arrest or serious harm if it persists for more than a small fraction of a second. RCDs are designed to disconnect the conducting wires quickly enough to prevent serious injury from such shocks, commonly described as the RCD being "tripped".

Disadvantages of RCD (Residual Current Device) - RCD does not provide protection against unexpected or dangerously high current (called spikes or surges) when current is flowing in the usual wires in the circuit, therefore it cannot replace a fuse or protect against overheating or fire risk due to overcurrent (overload) or short circuits if the fault does not lead to current leakage.

RCD (Residual Current Device) worldwide - In the United States and Canada, the device is more commonly known as a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI), ground fault interrupter (GFI) or an appliance leakage current interrupter (ALCI). In the United Kingdom, these are better known by their initials RCD, and a combined RCD+MCB (miniature circuit breaker) is known as a RCBO (residual-current circuit breaker with overcurrent protection). In Australia, they are sometimes known as safety switches or an RCD. An earth leakage circuit breaker (ELCB) may be a residual-current device, although an older type of voltage-operated earth leakage circuit breaker also exists. In German-speaking countries the device is sometimes known as FI where the F stands for fault (Fehler) and I for the symbol that represents electric current.
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Create: Sasho Bozhinoski
Hrvoje Čočić
Creative Commons — Attribution 4.0 International — CC BY
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Category: Education
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[josephlai]

Thank you so much. Your description of RCD is exceedingly precise and complete. You certainly helped a lot of people (not only electricians but also end users) to easily understand how RCD works and why is it ultra-important to always have it installed. Truly enlightening. Thank you.

[mohammedkhan]

Thanks for reaffirming me against my ramblings teacher who unfortunately hasn't got a clue

[dylanrobinson]

Answered my question with what happens when you touch both active and neutral. Thank you ! :)

[fdhjxjjd]

rcd work or not if we touch phase and neutral together

[itepk]

Thanks for the video. It was really helpful.

[Nhungchuthodien]

so if we touch the netral conductor in this case. what will happen? dose the RCD cut the power ( the function is still the same when we touch live conductor)

[bthnbgdt]

I need an explanation: when there is no energy in the system, RCD yet recognise somehow and turns off the circuit. I experienced this when 3 phases and neutral connected to RCD and make ground and neutral short circuit from output of it. How that happens?

[nlo]

0:00 - Engineer looks at diagram before starting video and asks how does 9.996A + 0.006A add up to 10.000A. My maths isn't advanced enough for this level of complexity. ;-)

[ad]

Suppose if live wire is touching earth and in earth fault rccb doesn't work and the the earth wire is touched by a person, will rccb trip and if it trips then why?

[dywizjonlanda]

In practice, why an RCD trips if you cut through a cable with live and neutral only causing short cut?
The sum of high current is still the same!

[rockiemountin]

So what’s the difference between this and a GFCI

[johnpuccetti]

Stray voltage is every where. Look for videos on Minnesota dairy cows.

[randyramirez]

Is it good to use RCD as the main breaker and the branches are MCB's??? What if the loads connected in each branches are all ok for its ampere rating but it happened that the total current flows to the main breaker is more than the capacity of your main breaker. Since RCD has no protection in overload, what will happen is your main breaker will not trip and most probably the breaker that feeds your panelboard is the one will trip. Please give me a reply because I want to know if what I am saying is right or wrong. Thanks

[shaikhumar]

there is no sound in the video
is it only for me or any one else have faced same issue?

[madankumar]

Where is sound ..I am not hearing..please provide proper manner

[sudhirkumarshringari]

Sir agar neutral fail honese 440v supply aata hai to uskeliye kuchh safety device hai plz help I need from you thanq

[TheGarudaINA]

What if I want my electrical instalation in my home to be protected against electrical shock and from fire incident, should I install 2 different rccb with different tripping current or i could just buy/install an rccb with the highest tripping current rating for both requirements?

[fastusbombastus]

RCD in this picture not on this picture....

[megamanwins]

Question: How can I wired a RCD if when our power source is Line to Line(110VAC each) only and no Nuetral wire or Earth wire provided, The cooperative here in our place they only run 2 wire(line to line) only to their consumers and nothing else, Can I still use a RCD if not, any suggestion or remedy? Thanks

[bensimpsonnz]

Why does everyone use this terrible computer voice for their videos . . . makes them hard to watch