Choosing the Right Test Sieve: Test Specifications (Part 1 of 4)

Gradation analysis is achieved through a nested stack of test sieves, with the largest mesh opening at the top and progressively smaller openings below, allowing the entire sample to be accurately measured as it passes through each layer of mesh.

So, while test sieves are quite simple, they are still scientific instruments, and the most important consideration when it comes to selecting test sieves are the test specifications required for your specific gradation analysis.

Let’s briefly look at a few different test specifications and how they help you select the right ASTM E11 and ISO 3310-1 test sieve.

ASTM C136 Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates informs the operator on how to select ASTM E11 test sieves with suitable openings to furnish the information used, as in concrete and asphalt mix designs. Besides covering sieving apparatus, sampling, procedures and other considerations, the standard gives guidance on sieve openings, sieve surface area, maximum allowable quantity of material retained on a sieve, and the use of additional test sieves to provide additional information, such as determining fineness modulus.

Now, let’s take a brief look at another ASTM standard that references ASTM C136 – Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates or ASTM C33. Among additional information, this specification further defines the sieve openings required for grading of fine and coarse aggregate for use in concrete following procedures set in ASTM C136. AND is meant use by contractors and concrete suppliers, as part of the purchase document describing the concrete material to be furnished.

The Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Distribution of Soils Using Sieve Analysis, or ASTM D6913, goes into greater details in particle determination of soils because of soil’s vast variations, such as soil types and soil conditions. AND this test method divides sieving methods into Method A (sieve size is recorded to the nearest 1 %) and Method B (sieve size is recorded to the nearest 0.1 %). As well as covering sieving apparatus, sampling, procedures and other considerations, D6913 offers guidance on selecting sieves including specifics on sieve height, standard and large diameter sieves, wet wash sieves, and identifies specific sieve sizes required to determine the gradation of soils between 75mm (3in.) and 75μm (No. 200).

Let’s take a brief look at non-construction material sieving applications with ASTM B214 Standard Method for Sieve Analysis of Metal Powders which covers the sieve analysis of dry metal powders, specifically using test sieves with openings ranging from 45 to 850 micrometers.

ASTM B214 calls for sieve analysis using a mechanical sieve shaker, and breaks down sample size based on the density of the dry powder. AND informs the operator of variables that may affect the sieving characteristics of powders, including sampling and humidity.

Gradation analysis test specifications will advise you which sieve types and mesh sizes are needed, how many test sieves are required, as well as sample volume, how to calculate acceptable loading limits for each sieve, and other determining factors that ensure accurate and repeatable test results.

Gilson offers the ASTM “Manuel 32,” a comprehensive guide for establishing ASTM-based Sieve Analysis Procedures in your materials testing lab. In this resource you will find information on sieving apparatus, sampling, sieving procedures and other considerations, AND Manuel 32 has a complete guide for ASTM Published Standards on Sieve Analysis Procedures for Specific Materials or Industries.

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