Dark Matter Exists. Here's how we know.

Dark matter is 84% of the matter in the universe and it single-handedly explains a lot of stuff: cluster motion, galactic rotation, gravitational lensing, and the CMB. We have piles of irrefutable evidence. Let's go through it, shall we.

Nick Lucid - Host/Writer/Editor/Animator
Vanessa R Bradley - Thumbnail
Eric Aspling - Researcher
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VIDEO ANNOTATIONS/CARDS

Most Galaxies are Moving Faster than Light!

The REAL Source of Gravity:

The Oldest Light in the UNIVERSE! (CMB)
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RELATED YOUTUBE VIDEOS

PBS Space Time on Dark Matter:

Crash Course on Dark Matter:
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LINKS TO COMMENTS

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IMAGE CREDITS

Bullet Cluster:

Chandra Space Probe:

Coma Cluster:

Cosmic Microwave Background:

Dark Nebula:

Earth Map (Mollweide):

Galatic Rotation:

Galatic Collision:

Gravitational Lensing:

Scorpius X-1:

Twin Quasar:

Type 1a Supernova:

People:
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TIME CODES

00:00 Cold Open
00:35 Fritz Zwicky
01:44 HR Diagrams
02:51 Doppler Redshift
03:58 Virial Theorem
04:29 Zwicky was wrong
05:33 21 cm Hydrogen Line
06:40 X-Ray Astronomy
07:37 Vera Rubin
08:35 Rotation Curves
10:17 Gravitational Lensing
10:48 Bullet Cluster
12:15 Cosmic Micowave Background
13:50 Summary
14:46 Outro
15:08 Featured Comment

[ScienceAsylum]

While consensus is itself not evidence, it is reached _through_ overwhelming evidence... so consensus represents the existence of that evidence. It's an important indicator of confidence to the general public who doesn't necessarily have the time or energy to learn the evidence. This video presents that evidence (at least some of it) and then states there is consensus based on that evidence. I'm not being unscientific. That's how science works! It's certainly acceptable for an expert in a field to reject consensus based on new evidence and present that evidence to the scientific community for evaluation. But, if you reject consensus outright on principle, then what you're _really_ doing is rejecting science as a whole.

[ploppyploppy]

I love the fact that Nick takes the to explain anything he references. Rather than just throw in terms like 21cm hydrogen with a 'more about that later' caveat (which never arrives), he spends a few minutes explaining. Likewise whenever he refers to any measurement he explains how the measurement was taken. These videos just get better and better. On a sidenote I'd never seen that photo before showing dark matter separated from normal matter and therefore the gravitational lensing. Mind well and truly blown :)

[GhouLord]

This is the first time I saw the CMB how it should be shown to non astrophysicist. Very nice!

[seanreese]

Disappointed that the galaxies in the Coma Cluster were only moving "way too fast" and not "fast fast!"

[reinaldo]

"I'm holding back here because this video is already too long"

No, it's not! Your videos are awesome! They could be half an hour long, and i would be pleased to watch! Keep going with long videos!

[ericulric]

That dark matter separating out from regular matter in the bullet cluster was profound. I don't know yet to what degree but the concept left a strong impression.

[journeytotheinfinity]

What draws me about Nick is that contrary to the traditional approaches, he explains everything from historical contexts.. I don't know I might be alone in this mindset, but I think Historical perspective makes it clear why do we need such considerations in the first place and once one has understood the problem the rest of it is just a piece of cake ..In this approach One thinks through the problem and once they do, nothing seems falling from the sky...


Thanks to Nick and his soulmate

[JCtheMusicMan_]

I love that photo of Zwicky! That fits his description perfectly!

“He is remembered as both a genius and a curmudgeon. One of his favorite insults was to refer to people whom he did not like as "spherical bastards", because, as he explained, they were bastards no matter which way one looked at them.”

[PrairieKass]

The break from the bit at 2:00 was cute and made laugh. I love seeing people be happy about silly jokes

[peterpike]

Yes, dark matter exists. But when you ask, "What *is* dark matter?" the only answer anyone can give at this point is, "It's something with mass that we have no other evidence for except that it has to be there for our equations and assumptions about the nature of the universe to match our observations." At this point, we're basically positing, "There exists something and we don't know what it is, but it has this effect which we see." Sort of like inferring the existence of an electrical circuit when you only have the observations that flipping a switch over here causes a light to turn on or off over there, but without being able to see into the wall to know what the circuit actually is.

[SpyridonJohn]

Okaaay, that shirt is fecken awesome dude!

[raj-m]

Don't know how 16 minutes got passed.
Loved your explanations and how you put the questions in between of the video.

[localverse]

At first glance had thought '16 minutes for dark matter seems long' but learned a lot, was worth it! So glad you went into the history of each step and how we discovered them and decided stuff. Especially how they discovered cold and hot hydrogens then calculated their amounts. One question: How can we measure hydrogen from their emissions of tiny radio waves but not be able to detect exoplanets that way? Is it because the hydrogen clouds are way more massive? Maybe the exposure time would be too long. Seems we should be able to measure radio waves from large objects in the Oort Cloud that are much closer but I guess even those would dramatically fall off because of inverse square law, so, those might need to be way larger or need crazy long exposure time.

[modolief]

This channel just keeps getting better and better. Bravo.

[BattleBunny]

Let us know when Big-deal-clone starts his own channel! Def supporting that.

[stapler]

This might be the most comprehensive while understandable to non-experts explanation of dark matter I've seen. :)

[RanulHashika]

Everytime I get a question watching the video, in next second, magically you point out the same question and explains it.

You should know your videos are great.

[legitgopnik]

This video is very convincing in proving that there is a gravitational anomaly resulting in stronger gravitational attraction than currently predicted by general relativity. However I think it's an irrational leap to draw the conclusion and reach a consensus that this inexplicable anomaly is certainly caused by the presence of undiscovered invisible particles.

With that said, the example showing dark matter separating from galaxy matter is somewhat persuasive...

[davisdupreez]

Fritz Zwicky and the Coma Cluster. Thanks for naming my band for me.

[Ckamerad]

I love how accessible you make these videos to people who have little or no prior understanding of astrophysics. I have recommended your videos to several HS educators I know. I love your work.