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CN 9: Glossopharyngeal nerve (SIMPLE Scheme + Visuals)
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Content:
0:00 Introduction
00:58 Glossopharyngeal Nerve Scheme
05:35 Functional Components
08:00 Nuclei of Glossopharyngeal Nerve
08:59 Intracranial Course
09:33 Extracranial Course
10:12 Tympanic Nerve
12:00 Carotid Sinus Nerve
12:51 Lingual Branches
13:39 Stylopharyngeal Branch
14:07 Pharyngeal Branches
14:55 Recap
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Plays a crucial role in transmitting sensory information from the back of the throat, taste sensations and saliva production, and is involved in swallowing and speaking.
Functional Components of the Glossopharyngeal Nerve:
- Special visceral efferent fibers (SVE) (branchial motor) are the main motor fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve and supply motor innervation to the stylopharyngeus muscle. This muscle is responsible for elevating the larynx and pharynx, especially during speaking and swallowing.
- General visceral efferent fibers (GVE) (visceral motor) provide parasympathetic innervation to the parotid glands. The fibers originate in the inferior salivary nucleus then travel with the tympanic nerve through the foramen ovale, and synapse at the otic ganglion.
- General visceral afferent fibers (GVA) (visceral sensory) carry sensory information from the carotid sinus and carotid body.
- Special Visceral afferent fibers (SVA). sensory fibers provide taste afferents from this portion of the tongue as well.
- General somatic afferent fibers (GSA) (general sensory) provides sensory innervation to the upper pharynx, the inner surface of the tympanic membrane, and the posterior third of the tongue.
Nuclei of glossopharyngeal nerve:
- Nucleus ambiguus - motor
- Inferior salivatory nucleus (nucleus salivatorius inferior) – a parasympathetic visceromotor nucleus
- Nuclei of solitary tract (nuclei tractus solitarii) – a viscerosensory nucleus
○ Gustatory nucleus (nucleus gustatorius) – a special sensory nucleus –
- Spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve (nucleus spinalis nervi trigemini) – a somatosensory nucleus
Course: Intracranial
- Intracranial course: The glossopharyngeal nerve emerges from medulla as a series of rootlets between the olive and inferior cerebellar peduncle. It traverses the posterior cranial fossa and exits through the jugular foramen (foramen jugulare). Extracranial course: The superior ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve and inferior ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve
are situated on the nerve at the exit, then it gives off its side branches
Branches:
- Tympanic nerve (nervus tympanicus)
○ Lesser petrosal nerve (nervus petrosus minor)
- Carotid branch (ramus sinus carotici)
- Lingual branches (rami linguales)
- Stylopharyngeal branch (ramus stylopharyngeus)
- Pharyngeal branches (rami pharyngei)
- Tonsillar branches (rami tonsillares)
Sources:
- Singh, I. (2017). Human neuroanatomy (10th ed.).
- Kozlowski, T. (2017). Memorix Anatomy: The Complete Study Guide. 2nd ed. Thieme Medical Publishers.
- Neuroanatomy, Cranial Nerve 9 (Glossopharyngeal)
Kathryn Thomas; Katrina Minutello; Joe M Das.
Pictures and visuals:
- Complete Anatomy
- Biorender
- Powerpoint
- Camtasia 2021
0:00 Introduction
00:58 Glossopharyngeal Nerve Scheme
05:35 Functional Components
08:00 Nuclei of Glossopharyngeal Nerve
08:59 Intracranial Course
09:33 Extracranial Course
10:12 Tympanic Nerve
12:00 Carotid Sinus Nerve
12:51 Lingual Branches
13:39 Stylopharyngeal Branch
14:07 Pharyngeal Branches
14:55 Recap
-------------------------------
-------------------------------
Plays a crucial role in transmitting sensory information from the back of the throat, taste sensations and saliva production, and is involved in swallowing and speaking.
Functional Components of the Glossopharyngeal Nerve:
- Special visceral efferent fibers (SVE) (branchial motor) are the main motor fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve and supply motor innervation to the stylopharyngeus muscle. This muscle is responsible for elevating the larynx and pharynx, especially during speaking and swallowing.
- General visceral efferent fibers (GVE) (visceral motor) provide parasympathetic innervation to the parotid glands. The fibers originate in the inferior salivary nucleus then travel with the tympanic nerve through the foramen ovale, and synapse at the otic ganglion.
- General visceral afferent fibers (GVA) (visceral sensory) carry sensory information from the carotid sinus and carotid body.
- Special Visceral afferent fibers (SVA). sensory fibers provide taste afferents from this portion of the tongue as well.
- General somatic afferent fibers (GSA) (general sensory) provides sensory innervation to the upper pharynx, the inner surface of the tympanic membrane, and the posterior third of the tongue.
Nuclei of glossopharyngeal nerve:
- Nucleus ambiguus - motor
- Inferior salivatory nucleus (nucleus salivatorius inferior) – a parasympathetic visceromotor nucleus
- Nuclei of solitary tract (nuclei tractus solitarii) – a viscerosensory nucleus
○ Gustatory nucleus (nucleus gustatorius) – a special sensory nucleus –
- Spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve (nucleus spinalis nervi trigemini) – a somatosensory nucleus
Course: Intracranial
- Intracranial course: The glossopharyngeal nerve emerges from medulla as a series of rootlets between the olive and inferior cerebellar peduncle. It traverses the posterior cranial fossa and exits through the jugular foramen (foramen jugulare). Extracranial course: The superior ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve and inferior ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve
are situated on the nerve at the exit, then it gives off its side branches
Branches:
- Tympanic nerve (nervus tympanicus)
○ Lesser petrosal nerve (nervus petrosus minor)
- Carotid branch (ramus sinus carotici)
- Lingual branches (rami linguales)
- Stylopharyngeal branch (ramus stylopharyngeus)
- Pharyngeal branches (rami pharyngei)
- Tonsillar branches (rami tonsillares)
Sources:
- Singh, I. (2017). Human neuroanatomy (10th ed.).
- Kozlowski, T. (2017). Memorix Anatomy: The Complete Study Guide. 2nd ed. Thieme Medical Publishers.
- Neuroanatomy, Cranial Nerve 9 (Glossopharyngeal)
Kathryn Thomas; Katrina Minutello; Joe M Das.
Pictures and visuals:
- Complete Anatomy
- Biorender
- Powerpoint
- Camtasia 2021
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