What is Backup in Server and Types of Backup

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BACKUP

Full Backup

Full backup is a method of backup where all the files and folders selected for the backup will be backed up. It is commonly used as an initial or first backup followed with subsequent incremental or differential backups. After several incremental or differential backups, it is common to start over with a fresh full backup again.Some also like to do full backups for all backup runs typically for smaller folders or projects that do not occupy too much storage space.

Example of a Full Backup

You setup a full backup job or task to be done every night from Monday to Friday. Assume you do your initial backup on Monday, this first backup will contain your entire list of files and folders in your backup job. On Tuesday, at the next backup run, the entire list of files and folders will be copied again. On Wednesday, the entire list of files and folders will be copied again and the cycle continues like this. At each backup run, all files designated in the backup job will be backed up again. This includes files and folders that have not changed.

Advantages

 Restores are fast and easy to manage as the entire list of files and folders are in one backup set.
 Easy to maintain and restore different versions.

Disadvantages

 Backups can take very long as each file is backed up again every time the full backup is run.
 Consumes the most storage space compared to incremental and differential backups. The exact same files are be stored repeatedly resulting in inefficient use of storage.

Incremental backup
Incremental backup is a backup of all changes made since the last backup. The last backup can be a full backup or simply the last incremental backup. With incremental backups, one full backup is done first and subsequent backup runs are just the changed files and new files added since the last backup.

Example of An Incremental Backup

You setup an Incremental backup job or task to be done every night from Monday to Friday. Assume you perform your first backup on Monday. This first backup will be a full backup since you haven’t done any backups prior to this. On Tuesday, the incremental backup will only backup the files that have changed since Monday and any new files added to the backup folders. On Wednesday only the changes and new files since Tuesdays backup will be copied. The cycle continues this way.

Advantages

 Much faster backups
 Efficient use of storage space as files are not duplicated. Much less storage space used compared to running full backups and even differential backups.

Disadvantages

 Restores are slower than with a full backup and differential backups.
 Restores are a little more complicated. All backup sets (first full backup and all incremental backups) are needed to perform a restore.

Differential backup

Differential backups fall in the middle between full backups and incremental backup. A differential backup is a backup of all changes made since the last full backup. With differential backups, one full backup is done first and subsequent backup runs are the changes made since the last full backup. The result is a much faster backup then a full backup for each backup run. Storage space used is less than a full backup but more then with Incremental backups. Restores are slower than with a full backup but usually faster then with Incremental backups

Example of A Differential Backup

You setup a differential backup job or task to be done every night from Monday to Friday. Assume you perform your first backup on Monday. This first backup will be a full backup since you haven’t done any backups prior to this. On Tuesday, the differential backup will only backup the files that have changed since Monday and any new files added to the backup folders. On Wednesday, the files changed and files added since Monday’s full backup will be copied again. While Wednesday’s backup does not include the files from the first full backup, it still contains the files backed up on Tuesday.

Advantages

 Much faster backups then full backups
 More efficient use of storage space then full backups since only files changed since the last full backup will be copied on each differential backup run.
 Faster restores than incremental backups

Disadvantages

 Backups are slower then incremental backups  Not as efficient use of storage space as compared to incremental backups. All files added or edited after the initial full backup will be duplicated again with each subsequent differential backup.
 Restores are slower than with full backups.
 Restores are a little more complicated then full backups but simpler than incremental backups. Only the full backup set and the last differential backup are needed to perform a restore.

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