Refrigeration Cycle 101

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Bryan's quick Refrigeration Cycle 101 class covers the basics of air conditioning and refrigeration circuit. He explains the cycle and its components in simple terms to help the HVAC newbie (and the people who just want a refresher).

We try to remember the refrigeration cycle components in the following order: compressor, condenser, metering device, and evaporator. We also try to remember the compressor as the pressure increaser, the condenser as the heat rejector, the metering device as the pressure dropper, and the evaporator as the heat absorber. The refrigerant absorbs heat in the evaporator, is pressurized in the compressor, rejects heat in the condenser, and is depressurized in the metering device.

The backbone of the refrigeration cycle is the ideal gas law, which states that pressure and volume are equal to mass and temperature. In the refrigeration circuit, we're constantly manipulating the temperature, volume, and pressure of the refrigerant. The pressure is the key; although the refrigerant absorbs and rejects heat, we get the most out of it by pressurizing it and depressurizing it. The refrigeration cycle's main goal is to get heat into the refrigerant and out of it again.

The compressor is fed cool, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant via the suction line and discharges hot, high-pressure vapor via the discharge line. When it compresses refrigerant, it forces that refrigerant to occupy a smaller space (volume) by heavily increasing the pressure.

Discharge gas goes down the discharge line and enters the condenser coil, which rejects heat. When the condenser rejects enough heat, the vapor refrigerant cools enough to become liquid. (Some reject heat to fluid like water or glycol via a heat exchanger.) Most typical residential HVAC condensers are air-cooled condensers.

Liquid refrigerant travels to the metering device via the liquid line. Some common metering devices are pistons, TXVs, EEVs, and capillary tubes. These devices drop the pressure of the refrigerant. Depressurizing refrigerant allows it to occupy a larger space. Some of the liquid refrigerant may flash off into gas as well.

From there, the refrigerant enters the evaporator, where it absorbs heat from the air. The evaporator coil is quite cold, and as the cool liquid refrigerant absorbs more heat, it transforms into a vapor. The refrigerant leaves the evaporator as a cool, low-pressure vapor and goes through the suction line to the compressor. From there, the cycle repeats itself.

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Straight to the point. Not a waste of time at all...will have to watch again and take notes lol

Shylocke
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Wow! As a 9 month tradesman making a career jump, this was the MOST simplistic description of the ref cycle. Pressure increaser, heat rejector, pressure dropper, heat collector. I love it!

NLTSgym
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I'm a mechanical engineer and your presentation is so logical and well-thought out, it's a blessing for me as well. Not just for technicians, to be honest

Emperor
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Thanks a ton. In 10 minutes I understood more than a month of R &D on the internet. A wonderful wonderful teacher. Really appreciate it

arindombhattacharyya
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I would fire all the lecturers at technical colleges and play your videos in all HVAC schools and not waste student’s time

HussainDaveham
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I'm a middle school technology teacher(shop), I think I missed my calling-HVAC. I just installed a four zone mini split myself and a one zone. I find this type of work very fascinating in that you use a variety of skills. A lot of students would be much better off going into a trade like this than college. Unfortunately college as been pushed for a long time as the answer for success but that is slowly changing. Thanks for the lesson.

stevenhauser
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I am also a trainer in HVAC sir. your video helps a lot specially we are on online training now because of the pandemic. you are such an inspiration for me as a trainer here in the Philippines because they require us to do also videos in teaching students online. your knowledge is awesome about HVAC and i picked a lot of information to also share to my students. God bless you more sir :)

TekBok
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As someone with no background in this field I found myself researching almost every word to its scientific definition just to understand the concept. Thank you for the clear and concise content.

Ging_
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Thank you, I am just telling you I have read BOOKS and watched several YouTube videos and you are the only one that transferring the idea. THANK YOU.

medotedo
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Very smart. Congratulations for this level of explanation, it's rarely seen! Thank you for it, it was a pleasure!

gunoaie
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Going to HVAC training at ForgeNow Academy next month. Thanks for this quick crashcourse!

t
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I’ve been in the trade for a while now and refrigerant cycle is very simple in fact is as simple as this guy describes it. Now if you get really technical there is a lot more to it but in principle is simple. To many teachers out there acting all smart are scaring youngsters away make it sound like rocket science. Truth is half the techs “fixing” ac’s out there have no idea how refrigerant works and that’s the teachers fault for not keeping it simple. Thank you for the excellent video sir.

alexpaic
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I'm a hvac mechanic and this is the video I send to someone who wanna know how refrigeration system work! Great explanation

josephismajoseph
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BRIAN THANK YOU FOR THESE VIDEOS I GRADUATED FROM TWO TRADE SCHOOLS WISH YOU BEST IN THE NEW YEARS &LOOKING FORWARD TO MORE VIDEOS!

harrystrohm
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I finally understand how HVAC systems work! Thanks for this

RealJoshBinder
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I’ve never heard a more comprehensive explanation of the refrigeration cycle explained in the most understandable language, thank you!

Ratlins
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I work for a HVAC company and im now doing Residential. This will help a ton when explaining to customers as well as understanding how Refrigeration/Acs work

TheSixStringGuy
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Just started going to school for HVAC/R with zero prior knowledge and your videos are a big help. Thank you sir!

jelly
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ive come to this video a lot these past few years and learn something new every time, you are by far the best hvac teacher ive ever seen, you teach more than my hvac program does i go to you to pass test instead of the content they teach.

calebdoss
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One of the most straightforward and best described video that I’ve ever seen, god bless you

saeedfarsi