[Conférence] S. PÄÄBO - A Neandertal Perspective on the Human Genome

Conférence : Exposés scientifiques de Svante Pääbo et Alessandro Morbidelli, associés étrangers élus en 2015

00:00:00 Introduction
00:01:18 Traces of past modifications
00:02:23 Worldwide scale
00:04:34 Neandertal
00:05:34 Neandertals define modern humans
00:05:51 Total Replacement / Total Continuity
00:07:05 Extraction of ancient DNA
00:08:31 Interbreeding with modern humans?
00:10:17 Neandertals presumably passed by Middle East
00:11:20 ~1-2% per person, ~40% in total
00:13:54 Denisovans
00:14:42 Leaky replacement
00:15:51 From Milota Ş. et al.
00:16:18 Chromosome 12
00:17:04 My Family Tree
00:17:31 Archaeological sediments
00:18:14 Denisova Cave
00:19:00 Functional contributions from Neandertals and Denisovans?
00:19:16 High altitude adaptation
00:20:23 Toll-like receptors [TLR6-TLR1-TLR10]
00:21:38 Positively Selected Archaic Gene Variants
00:21:55 “Adaptive introgression”
00:22:23 Archaic Gene Variants Associated with Diseases
00:22:52 Fu et al., Nature, 2016.
00:23:28 What was NOT contributed to modern humans?
00:24:00 Functions unique to modern humans?
00:25:09 A Catalog of “all” Human-specific Amino Acids
00:25:16 Which ones are important?
00:26:24 Chimpanzee brain organoids
00:26:40 Elongated metaphase in human apical progenitors
00:27:25 Organoids
00:28:20 Acknowledgements
00:29:33 Questions

© Académie des sciences - Tous droits réservés