What is mTLS (mutual TLS)?

Mutual TLS (mTLS) is a variation on transport layer security (TLS). Traditional TLS is the successor to the secure sockets layer (SSL) and is the most widely deployed standard for secure communication, most visibly in HTTPS.

TLS establishes secure communication that is both confidential (resistant to eavesdropping) and authentic (resistant to tampering) between a server that needs to prove its identity to its clients.

But, in situations where both parties need to prove their identity to each other—such as between microservices in a Kubernetes application—TLS isn’t sufficient. mTLS is used in cases where both parties must prove their identities to each other. mTLS extends the security provided by TLS by adding mutual authentication between the client and the server.

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[chinmaykar]

And you think it is not important to mention here or in your article how encryption works in the case of mTLS? Are the server keys or clients keys used to encrypt the traffic once both parties have authenticated themselves? All that jazz or white noise in your article and you decide to omit the crucial piece of information.