H+ vs H3O+ (Hydrogen cation vs Hydronium ion)

When we talk about acids in chemistry we’ll often see H+ and H3O+ written. In this video we’ll talk about the difference between H+ and H3O+ .

First off, we call H+ the Hydrogen cation. Or positive hydrogen ion. It’s sometimes called a proton as well. That because we if we have just a H atom and it loses its electron, only the nucleus is left. And that consists of a proton.

H3O+ is called the hydronium ion We get the Hydronium ion when H+ is with water.

H+ + H2O = H3O+ .

The H+ can come from things like HCl or H2SO4. These are acids.

Almost all of the time we’ll be working with H+ in water. So it will really be H3O+. Because of this the are used interchangeably. If you say H+ in an aqueous solution, it’s understood that is H3O+.

H3O+ = H+ (aq)

Therefore, for most chemistry there is no difference between H+ and H3O+ . H+ (aq) is really just a shorthand for H3O+

One exception is that you can have an H+ ion by itself in a high energy gaseous state.

[umadevis]

Thanks man I really appreciate it. It make way easier to understand by ur videos

[magicskoolbusdropoutt]

Thank you for the very succinct explanation. It helped a ton.

[BeastyBoy]

How the concentration of h+ and oh- concentration decrease per volume in aqueous solution?

[tanishksinha]

Thank you a looot for you easy and informative explanation Wayne sir

[FasiuddinAmanMohammed]

Thanks alot, it helped me in my chemistry understanding. I was confused about that, however thanks alot to you it helped me.

[aboobakarmohammed]

Sir that meant too much... Thank You So Much....! 💚💫✨💥🔥💖

[kuntarinirahsilawati]

Thank you very much for your video. But I am still confused, which one is correct :
a. 4 H2O <=> 4H+ + 4OH-, OR
b. 8 H2O <=> 4H3O+ + 4OH-

And then, for weathering process of silicate mineral in the environment due to hydrolisis, which one is correct :
c. 4H2O + Mg2SiO4 -> 4OH + 2Mg2+ + H4SiO4, OR
d. 8H2O + Mg2SiO4 -> 4OH + 2Mg2+ + (H3O+)4SiO4
??

Really appreciate for your response.

[Zeegi]

Very useful and clear with fun explanation

[chiragkumar]

How does the oxygen give up a lone pair and form the hydronium ion with h+?

[ferhadasghar]

Thank you so much. Appreciate the simple explanation.

[joelschmierer]

gibbs energy of formation shows the reaction is unfavorable though, as Gibbs energy for the reaction = -228kj for h3O+ minus [(-237kj for water) - Okj for H+] = +9kj. But if the reaction is written backwards, it is favorable, so H3o+ would turn into h+ and water. so im not sure how h3o+ exists in water instead of h+

[jtotherock]

Hi, I have a question.

Why don't we call aqueous HCl solution a hydronium solution if HCl always dissociates completely?

[engjds]

Didnt explain why (H+) + (H2O) makes the O positive in (H3O+), confusing for students, + really means here the whole liquid is positive I understand?
Do all acids have protons floating about in water?
Do all bases have to have the oxygen molecule and if so why? why not some other element? does the definition of a liquid mean it has to have oxygen molecules?

[ritish_]

0:59 Is this reaction is irreversible or reversible? Plz give answer for a 16 year old student type. Not so high fly answer plz

[Caiyrog]

H+ is only theoretical
The ionization energy of hydrogen suggests it belongs to the group of halogen meaning hydrogen only accepts and shares electrons but never loses to form a cation. This explains why it takes a lot of energy to do electrolysis on water molecules. The reality is that though water is polar and the hydrogen side is slightly positive when the hydrogen becomes free it quickly attracts electrons to form the hydride ion before covalent bonds form hydrogen gas. Only in theory or in very special circumstances(as in a vacuum) can the proton be isolated to form H+

[isukhdeep]

But how can H³O and H ion be considered same? hydronium ion has three hydrogen atoms! And hydrogen is here atom itself... please explain...my biggest problem...

[yoihenbath]

Is hydronium ion acidic ???
Please reply🙏🙏🙏

[ashrafabdullah]

how is h3o an a strong acid if its gaining a proton?

[metro]

Oh okay so the WHY is: If H+ is aqueous/in H2O (water), it is therefore automatically the same as a Hydronium ion H3O.

[gauranga]

Radicals involve in the NaCl are Na+
and Cl-
but the radicals involve in the H2O are not H+
and O- -
.
What are the radicals involved in H2O? Why radicals of H2O cannot be identified by the same method
as that of NaCl?