Osteoarthritis Symptoms, Pathophysiology, Treatment Nursing NCLEX Lecture | Heberden & Bouchard Node

Osteoarthritis is a form of arthritis that develops due to the deterioration of the articular hyaline cartilage of the bone.

Osteoarthritis symptoms include: bony outgrowth formation, such as Heberden's and Bouchard's nodes. Heberden's nodes are found on the distal interphalangeal joint. While Bouchard's nodes are found on the proximal interphalangeal joint. Other symptoms include: morning stiffness less than 30 minutes, crepitus, affects the weight-bearing joints such as hands, hips, knees, and spine, it is NOT symmetrical or systemic.

Risk factors for developing OA include: older age, obesity, strenuous jobs, genetics, repeated joint injuries. There is no cure for osteoarthritis but it can be managed with weight loss, exercise, medications, and surgery.

Diagnostic tools include x-ray imaging, which will show osteophytes (bones spurs), sclerosis of the bones (abnormal hardening of the bones), and decreased joint space.

Treatment for osteoarthritis include exercise, which is very beneficial. This includes low-impact exercises (walking, water aerobics, stationary bike riding), strength training (lifting weights), and range of motion exercises. It is best to avoid high-impact exercises such as running, jogging, jump rope etc.

More treatments for osteoarthritis include: medications (NSAIDS, intra-articular corticosteroids injections, topical creams, tylenol, glucosamine etc.)

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I'm 26, active, I like to walk, swim, hike. My life came to a halt when I was struck down with mysterious pain. Instead of improving, it got worse. My jaw hurts to the point where food is difficult to chew, my whole body hurts, achy, I feel tired all the time. I've made several visits to my primary NP. She really didn't know how to help me. She kept getting frustrated that I kept coming in.. So I went to a different doctor, an ENT. He ordered a CT scan on my jaw because it was swollen. The CT showed advanced Osteoarthritis on left jaw joint and right jaw joint starting to wear down too but left side showed advance. The pain flares I have causes me to miss work and college. I cry a lot because I suffer and no one seems to understand the amount of pain it causes to live with

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