No Dark Matter = Proof of Dark Matter?

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We’ve been failing to detect dark matter for decades. Finally, the latest failure to detect dark matter may have actually proved its existence. One of these is true: either most of the matter in the universe is invisible and formed of something not explained by modern particle physics OR our understanding of gravity is completely broken. The debate over which is true has raged for decades, but may finally have been resolved in an unlikely way: the proof that dark matter exists, and really is an exotic, unknown substance, may have come from the discovery of two galaxies that appear to have no dark matter at all. Today on Space Time Journal Club we’ll look at the papers that reveal this discovery:

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Hosted by Matt O'Dowd
Written by Matt O'Dowd
Graphics by Kurtis Ross
Directed by Andrew Kornhaber
Produced By: Kornhaber Brown

The effect of dark matter was first noticed in 1933, when the legendary Swiss astrophysicist Fritz Zwicky noticed that the galaxies in the Coma cluster were moving too quickly to remain gravitationally bound within that cluster. He guessed the presence of “dunkle m aterie” – a dark matter invisible to his telescope but whose gravitational effect held the cluster together. As with many of Zwicky’s predictions – like the existence of neutron stars and gravitational lensing - this wasn’t taken seriously until decades later. The hunt for dark matter began in earnest after the early 70s when Vera Ruben, discovered that the rotation rates of spiral galaxies were too fast given the mass of their visible stars alone. They should throw themselves to pieces spinning that quickly – that is, unless, a gravitational force of unseen origin was holding them together.

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I gotta say that Dark Matter being used in all these different Sci-fi stories it would be hilarious if it ended up not existing in the first place.

joryjones

the pronunciation of "dunkle materie" really made my day haha

badpad

*New PBS space upload = proof that my day has improved?* *_Yes_*

TheExoplanetsChannel

I watch space time all the time, I (have to) watch these episodes over and over. This is one of my favorite episodes, not just because of the exciting discovery, but because a dunce like me understood it start to finish. I appreciate material that doesn't leave me thinking, "It seems there's something I don't know, but I don't know what it is. But is there? I don't know."

lancetschirhart

The fact that Sir Roger Penrose has fan-art is just heartwarming

otakuribo

See. Fritz is an ideal.
He just took what he saw, did the math and said what it meant, and I never once got an impression that he gave a darn if people like it or not.
More people should be like Fritz

jimandaubz

Sometimes I come here just to watch and get my mind blow even though 90% of it is over my head. Great videos 👌🏽

atishbaboolal

You should update this video, they made a mistake with df2 and it appears to have dark matter.

YoutubeAdministrator

This is fascinating! I always suspected 2nd theory, that there was a property of gravity we didn't understand to explain all this. But finding galaxies that behave exactly like we expect - with standard gravity understanding - really seems to suggest that there's not something missing from our gravity knowledge. And that other galaxies (most) really do have a lot of _something_ that gives them a lot more gravity (dark matter). What an awesome discovery 👍😮👍

geefreck

I'm going to try that excuse on my professor.

Not having my homework is proof that I actually did my homework.

azdgariarada

These videos are like the perfect duration.

colleen

Spacetime journal club just never end. This is so important for informing a wider audience on the more nuanced bits of cutting edge science.

WilliamBoothClibborn

"DUNKLE MATERIE" is a way cooler name, so much wasted potential.

HAL-cpmt

You outta update this with a disclaimer that further research shows that the galaxies likely do have dark matter (or whatever the equivalent is) and that the original measurements were wrong.

johndjarrell