Nobel Prize Winners 2024

The prestigious Nobel Awards for the year 2024, were announced last week. As Artificial Intelligence takes the centre stage across the globe, the 2024 Nobel Prize for Physics was awarded to two AI & ANN researchers/experts.
Along with that, the 2024 Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded to an organisation of survivors of the Hiroshima-Nagasaki bombings, highlighting the need for disarmament.
The duo — John Hopfield from Princeton University, United States and Geoffrey Hinton from the University of Toronto, Canada — have been awarded for the “foundational discoveries and inventions that enable machine learning with artificial neural networks.”
Machine learning is a type of artificial intelligence and artificial neural network (ANN) — a machine learning programme designed to mimic the brain. The duo were awarded for laying the groundwork for machine learning in the 1980s which served as a prototype for the present-day advancements in artificial intelligence.
The Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded to the Japanese organization, Nihon Hidankyo. The members of Nihon Hidankyo are survivors of the atom bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki by the United States in 1945. Many of those who survived — the so-called “Hibakusha” or “bomb-affected people” — spearheaded the global movement to end nuclear weapons and achieve a world free of nuclear weapons”.
Three scientists share the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their work on proteins, the molecules that drive chemical reactions and perform essential functions.
Demis Hassabis and John M Jumper from Google DeepMind have been awarded the prize for using artificial intelligence (AI) to predict the three-dimensional (3D) structure of almost all known proteins.
Meanwhile, David Baker from the University of Washington has been honoured for designing a new protein that does not exist in nature.
For the first time a (South) Korean has received a Nobel Prize in Literature, author Han Kang, “for her intense poetic prose that confronts historical traumas and exposes the fragility of human life.”
Han’s novels, novellas, essays and short story collections have explored themes such as patriarchy, violence, grief and humanity.
The committee stated that Kang was awarded the prestigious prize because her “poetic and experimental style” has made her “an innovator in contemporary prose”.
American scientists were awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for discovering the mechanism behind cellular protein production.
These molecules, called microRNA, are a class of ribonucleic acid molecules (RNA) that control the amount and type of protein a cell makes. These molecules are present in cells and the bloodstream.
“Their groundbreaking discovery revealed a completely new principle of gene regulation that turned out to be essential for multicellular organisms, including humans,” a press statement read.
The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2024
The Nobel Memorial Prize in economics was awarded to Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson and James A Robinson for their research into differences in prosperity between nations.
The three awardees “have demonstrated the importance of societal institutions for a country’s prosperity”, the Nobel committee of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said, adding, “Societies with a poor rule of law and institutions that exploit the population do not generate growth or change for the better. The laureates’ research helps us understand why.”
As stipulated in Nobel’s will, the Nobel Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine and Literature are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden, while the Nobel Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway.
The Nobel Prizes which were announced last week will be presented to Nobel Prize laureates at ceremonies on 10 December, the death anniversary of Alfred Nobel.

Down to Earth is Science and Environment fortnightly published by the Society for Environmental Communication, New Delhi. We publish news and analysis on issues that deal with sustainable development, which we scan through the eyes of science and environment.

[-AkhilTej-]

💎🏆 Great insightful & fruitful video 🏆💎

लोकः समस्ताः सुखिनो भवन्तु
( May all beings lead prosperous life across Globe 🌍 )

[divyanshsingh]

Short and precise 🙌🏼👍🏼 Good job DTE team

[manaskhatua]

Yes Sir Nobel peace prize for the works for nuclear free and biological weapon free as well as steps taken for bridging the gaps with ideal steps taken may be the effectiveness

[biohomie]

There is nothing noble on noble prizes