Inserting JSON Data into PostgreSQL Using Python

Learn how to easily insert JSON data from an API into a PostgreSQL database using Python, including practical code examples and explanations.
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Inserting JSON Data into PostgreSQL Using Python

When working with data APIs, you often need to retrieve structured information and store it in a database for further processing or analysis. In this guide, we will learn how to insert JSON data into a PostgreSQL table using a Python script. We’ll walk through the process, ensuring you understand each step along the way. Let’s dive in!

Understanding the Problem

You might be in a situation where you’ve already pulled data from an API endpoint using a Python script, and you can see the data loaded into a variable (let's call it record_list). However, you may find it challenging to parse this data and insert it into your database.

For example, consider this simple API response:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Your goal is to extract the currency names and their corresponding rates from the rates section and insert them into a PostgreSQL table that has two fields: currency_name and rate.

Preparing Your Environment

Before we start inserting data into the database, make sure you have the necessary library installed. You will need psycopg2, which is a PostgreSQL adapter for Python.

Install it using pip if you haven’t already:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Creating the Database Table

First, we need to create a table in your PostgreSQL database to store the currency rates. You can execute the following SQL command:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Implementing the Solution

Now, let’s put everything together in a Python script.

Step 1: Import Required Libraries

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Step 2: Fetch JSON Data

Use the code you already have to fetch data from the API:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Step 3: Connect to PostgreSQL and Prepare for Insertion

Set up the connection to your PostgreSQL database:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Step 4: Parse the JSON Data

Now, we will convert the JSON data to a Python dictionary and loop through the rates:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Full Code Example

Here's how the complete script looks:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Conclusion

With this guide, you should now be able to retrieve and insert JSON data from an API into a PostgreSQL database using Python. This process involves fetching the data, parsing it into a usable format, and then executing database inserts using a parameterized query to ensure safety against SQL injection attacks.

Feel free to modify the script to accommodate any changes or additional features you might need.

Happy coding!