day 16 exceptions string to integer md github

day 16: exceptions: string to integer (python) - github-style tutorial

this tutorial covers handling exceptions when converting strings to integers in python, a common task prone to errors. we'll explore various approaches, best practices, and provide a github-ready code example with comprehensive comments.

**1. introduction: the problem**

the `int()` function in python is powerful for converting strings to integers, but it throws a `valueerror` if the input string cannot be parsed as an integer. this can crash your program if not handled gracefully. for example:

**2. handling exceptions with `try-except` blocks**

the cornerstone of exception handling in python is the `try-except` block. it allows you to attempt potentially risky operations within a `try` block and gracefully handle any exceptions that occur within the `except` block.

this code attempts the conversion. if a `valueerror` occurs (because "123abc" isn't a valid integer), the `except` block catches it, preventing the program from crashing and printing an informative error message.

**3. handling multiple exception types**

you might encounter other exceptions besides `valueerror` during string-to-integer conversion, such as `typeerror` if the input isn't a string. you can handle multiple exception types in a single `try-except` block:

**4. raising custom exceptions**

for more sophisticated error handling, consider creating custom exceptions. this improves code readability and allows you to handle specific error scenarios more effectively.

**5. using `else` and `finally` blocks**

* `else`: the `else` block executes only if no exception occurred in the `try` block.
* `finally`: the `finally` block *always* executes, regardless of whether an exception occurred or not. it's useful for cleanup actions (e.g., closing files).

**6. github-ready code example (python)**

this example combines the concepts discussed above, is well-commented, and ready to be included in a github r ...

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Day 16
Exceptions
String to Integer
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