What is Environment and Ecosystem

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TN-06-Science

Surroundings in which a person or an animal or a plant lives, is called it's environment.

For example, for a lion in forest, all the plants surrounding it, grass, birds, other forest animals together form environment.

Environment includes both living and non living factors.
For example, in the school, student's environment includes chalk, blackboard, teacher, principal, peon, playground, air, water etc. .

Non living entities in the environment are called abiotic whereas living things are called biotic.
Sunlight, air, soil, water are examples of abiotic components. And Animals, microorganisms, plants, humans are example of biotic components.

Ecosystem:

In the environment, when different components are interdependent and work together to fulfil each others needs, they form an ecosystem.

For example, in a pond, plants, insects, larva, fish, crocodile, and microbes live together. All of them are dependent on each other for food.
Insects eat plants and they are food of larva, fishes eat larva and grow. Crocodile majorly depend on fish for food. After the death of the crocodile, it's body gets decomposed by microorganisms and increase the fertility of soil, Which again helps in growth of the plant.

Ecosystem can be of 2 types,
1. Natural. and
2. Artificial.

Ecosystem of pond is an example of natural ecosystem. Forest is an other example of natural ecosystem. Natural ecosystem are created by nature and are very complex. But There are man made ecosystems as well, we call them artificial ecosystem. few examples are aquarium, Terrarium.
These ecosystem are not as complex as natural ones.