Fire Alarm System Design: Comprehensive Guide to Fire Alarm System Riser Diagram

The riser diagram provides a vertical schematic overview of a fire alarm system’s infrastructure, showcasing the layout and connections of various components throughout different levels or areas of a building. Key elements include:
1. Smoke Detectors and Pull Stations:
• Multiple smoke detectors and manual pull stations are represented, each with End of Line (EOL) resistors to indicate the end of each circuit branch.
• Smoke detectors are labeled “SD” while pull stations are shown in series with EOL resistors, monitoring line continuity to ensure circuit integrity.
2. Flow Switch:
• The flow switch is connected to the main control panel and detects water flow within the building’s sprinkler system, triggering an alarm if water flow is sensed.
3. Transceiver and Antenna:
• The transceiver with an antenna suggests wireless communication capabilities, possibly for remote monitoring or sending alerts.
4. Horn/Strobe Notification Devices:
• Multiple horn/strobe devices are included in the diagram, all connected to the control panel. These devices provide both audible and visual notifications during an alarm, helping to alert occupants effectively.
5. Power Supply:
• The system is powered by the building’s main electrical supply, labeled as “Building Power Phase,” with a circuit breaker and disconnect switch for safety.
• A backup battery ensures system functionality during power outages, allowing for uninterrupted operation of the fire alarm system.
6. End of Line (EOL) Resistors:
• EOL resistors at the end of each circuit (smoke detectors, pull stations, and horn/strobes) help monitor each circuit’s integrity. They signal an open circuit if a break or fault occurs, which is essential for reliable operation.

This riser diagram provides an essential, high-level view of the fire alarm system’s components and connections, ensuring all elements are correctly installed and continuously monitored for safety.