MIT physicist explains E=mc^2 equation

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GUEST BIO:
Dennis Whyte is a nuclear scientist at MIT and the director of the MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center.

PODCAST INFO:

SOCIAL:

[LexClips]

Guest bio: Dennis Whyte is a nuclear scientist at MIT and the director of the MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center.

[shanezanath]

G=−8πGc4T or Einstein's equation for General Relativity is far more impressive than E=mc^2 when you understand what it means: the cosmic dance between space, time, energy, and matter. Einstein had palpitations of the heart when it correctly predicted the perihelion of mercury. When you understand GR in all its glory and beauty, it is not just one of the most important equations ever formulated. It is an entirely new way of looking at the universe 🤯🥰

[SpotterVideo]

Conservation of Spatial Curvature:
Both Matter and Energy described as "Quanta" of Spatial Curvature. (A string is revealed to be a twisted cord when viewed up close.)

Is there an alternative interpretation of "Asymptotic Freedom"? What if Quarks are actually made up of twisted tubes which become physically entangled with two other twisted tubes to produce a proton? Instead of the Strong Force being mediated by the constant exchange of gluons, it would be mediated by the physical entanglement of these twisted tubes. When only two twisted tubules are entangled, a meson is produced which is unstable and rapidly unwinds (decays) into something else. A proton would be analogous to three twisted rubber bands becoming entangled and the "Quarks" would be the places where the tubes are tangled together. The behavior would be the same as rubber balls (representing the Quarks) connected with twisted rubber bands being separated from each other or placed closer together producing the exact same phenomenon as "Asymptotic Freedom" in protons and neutrons. The force would become greater as the balls are separated, but the force would become less if the balls were placed closer together. Therefore, the gluon is a synthetic particle (zero mass, zero charge) invented to explain the Strong Force. An artificial Christmas tree can hold the ornaments in place, but it is not a real tree.

String Theory was not a waste of time, because Geometry is the key to Math and Physics. However, can we describe Standard Model interactions using only one extra spatial dimension? What did some of the old clockmakers use to store the energy to power the clock? Was it a string or was it a spring?

What if we describe subatomic particles as spatial curvature, instead of trying to describe General Relativity as being mediated by particles? Fixing the Standard Model with more particles is like trying to mend a torn fishing net with small rubber balls, instead of a piece of twisted twine.

Quantum Entangled Twisted Tubules:
“We are all agreed that your theory is crazy. The question which divides us is whether it is crazy enough to have a chance of being correct.” Neils Bohr
(lecture on a theory of elementary particles given by Wolfgang Pauli in New York, c. 1957–8, in Scientific American vol. 199, no. 3, 1958)

The following is meant to be a generalized framework for an extension of Kaluza-Klein Theory. Does it agree with some aspects of the “Twistor Theory” of Roger Penrose, and the work of Eric Weinstein on “Geometric Unity”, and the work of Dr. Lisa Randall on the possibility of one extra spatial dimension? During the early history of mankind, the twisting of fibers was used to produce thread, and this thread was used to produce fabrics. The twist of the thread is locked up within these fabrics. Is matter made up of twisted 3D-4D structures which store spatial curvature that we describe as “particles"? Are the twist cycles the "quanta" of Quantum Mechanics?

When we draw a sine wave on a blackboard, we are representing spatial curvature. Does a photon transfer spatial curvature from one location to another? Wrap a piece of wire around a pencil and it can produce a 3D coil of wire, much like a spring. When viewed from the side it can look like a two-dimensional sine wave. You could coil the wire with either a right-hand twist, or with a left-hand twist. Could Planck's Constant be proportional to the twist cycles. A photon with a higher frequency has more energy. ( E=hf, More spatial curvature as the frequency increases = more Energy ). What if Quark/Gluons are actually made up of these twisted tubes which become entangled with other tubes to produce quarks where the tubes are entangled? (In the same way twisted electrical extension cords can become entangled.) Therefore, the gluons are a part of the quarks. Quarks cannot exist without gluons, and vice-versa. Mesons are made up of two entangled tubes (Quarks/Gluons), while protons and neutrons would be made up of three entangled tubes. (Quarks/Gluons) The "Color Charge" would be related to the XYZ coordinates (orientation) of entanglement. "Asymptotic Freedom", and "flux tubes" are logically based on this concept. The Dirac “belt trick” also reveals the concept of twist in the ½ spin of subatomic particles. If each twist cycle is proportional to h, we have identified the source of Quantum Mechanics as a consequence twist cycle geometry.

Modern physicists say the Strong Force is mediated by a constant exchange of Gluons. The diagrams produced by some modern physicists actually represent the Strong Force like a spring connecting the two quarks. Asymptotic Freedom acts like real springs. Their drawing is actually more correct than their theory and matches perfectly to what I am saying in this model. You cannot separate the Gluons from the Quarks because they are a part of the same thing. The Quarks are the places where the Gluons are entangled with each other.

Neutrinos would be made up of a twisted torus (like a twisted donut) within this model. The twist in the torus can either be Right-Hand or Left-Hand. Some twisted donuts can be larger than others, which can produce three different types of neutrinos. If a twisted tube winds up on one end and unwinds on the other end as it moves through space, this would help explain the “spin” of normal particles, and perhaps also the “Higgs Field”. However, if the end of the twisted tube joins to the other end of the twisted tube forming a twisted torus (neutrino), would this help explain “Parity Symmetry” violation in Beta Decay? Could the conversion of twist cycles to writhe cycles through the process of supercoiling help explain “neutrino oscillations”? Spatial curvature (mass) would be conserved, but the structure could change.

Gravity is a result of a very small curvature imbalance within atoms. (This is why the force of gravity is so small.) Instead of attempting to explain matter as "particles", this concept attempts to explain matter more in the manner of our current understanding of the space-time curvature of gravity. If an electron has qualities of both a particle and a wave, it cannot be either one. It must be something else. Therefore, a "particle" is actually a structure which stores spatial curvature. Can an electron-positron pair (which are made up of opposite directions of twist) annihilate each other by unwinding into each other producing Gamma Ray photons?

Does an electron travel through space like a threaded nut traveling down a threaded rod, with each twist cycle proportional to Planck’s Constant? Does it wind up on one end, while unwinding on the other end? Is this related to the Higgs field? Does this help explain the strange ½ spin of many subatomic particles? Does the 720 degree rotation of a 1/2 spin particle require at least one extra dimension?

Alpha decay occurs when the two protons and two neutrons (which are bound together by entangled tubes), become un-entangled from the rest of the nucleons

. Beta decay occurs when the tube of a down quark/gluon in a neutron becomes overtwisted and breaks producing a twisted torus (neutrino) and an up quark, and the ejected electron. The production of the torus may help explain the “Symmetry Violation” in Beta Decay, because one end of the broken tube section is connected to the other end of the tube produced, like a snake eating its tail. The phenomenon of Supercoiling involving twist and writhe cycles may reveal how overtwisted quarks can produce these new particles. The conversion of twists into writhes, and vice-versa, is an interesting process, which is also found in DNA molecules. Could the production of multiple writhe cycles help explain the three generations of quarks and neutrinos? If the twist cycles increase, the writhe cycles would also have a tendency to increase.

Gamma photons are produced when a tube unwinds producing electromagnetic waves. ( Mass=1/Length )

The “Electric Charge” of electrons or positrons would be the result of one twist cycle being displayed at the 3D-4D surface interface of the particle. The physical entanglement of twisted tubes in quarks within protons and neutrons and mesons displays an overall external surface charge of an integer number. Because the neutrinos do not have open tube ends, (They are a twisted torus.) they have no overall electric charge.

Within this model a black hole could represent a quantum of gravity, because it is one cycle of spatial gravitational curvature. Therefore, instead of a graviton being a subatomic particle it could be considered to be a black hole. The overall gravitational attraction would be caused by a very tiny curvature imbalance within atoms.

In this model Alpha equals the compactification ratio within the twistor cone, which is approximately 1/137.

1= Hypertubule diameter at 4D interface

137= Cone’s larger end diameter at 3D interface where the photons are absorbed or emitted.

The 4D twisted Hypertubule gets longer or shorter as twisting or untwisting occurs. (720 degrees per twist cycle.)

How many neutrinos are left over from the Big Bang? They have a small mass, but they could be very large in number. Could this help explain Dark Matter?

Why did Paul Dirac use the twist in a belt to help explain particle spin? Is Dirac’s belt trick related to this model? Is the “Quantum” unit based on twist cycles?

I started out imagining a subatomic Einstein-Rosen Bridge whose internal surface is twisted with either a Right-Hand twist, or a Left-Hand twist producing a twisted 3D/4D membrane. This topological Soliton model grew out of that simple idea. I was also trying to imagine a way to stuff the curvature of a 3 D sine wave into subatomic particles.

[DJ_Force]

It's simple if you flip the equation. M=E÷C². Mass is just a measure of confined energy. 1kg of mass just means 9×10¹⁶ joules of energy.

Fusion and fission are said to "use" E=MC² because the energy released is large enough to cause a measurable change in mass, but ALL releases of energy change mass.

[LeviKerrison]

When you understand this you can hydroelectricity, sand batteries or even concrete batteries. Concrete block, raise it with solar energy, drop it at night and turn a turbine. Just a different type of battery.

[stevenbennett]

I was keeping up until right after, "How amazing is that to you?"

[Rissen_]

Kinda makes sense intuitively if u think about our body, our body stores energy as fat. As mass. We get heavier the more energy stores we have mass in the physical world is the fat of the universe

[ivorfaulkner]

Still didn’t explain why the constant C ( speed of Light) has to be Squared.It’s never explained ( to my mind)why.Help!

[sebastianrosenbach]

Isn't c more the speed of causality than the speed of light. All masless particles travel at the maximum allowed speed, the "speed of causality" not only photons.

[drbonesshow]

The question is: Why shouldn't mass be equivalent to energy?

[seanreynoldscs]

It is odd that gamma rays come out of a nuclear explosion. Why would converting one atom to another smaller pair of atoms release EMF? I'm curious if reality is closer to QFT and if matter is somehow a loop of EMF that gives rise to stable quarks and particles. Kinda like a blending of string theory with QFT where the actual thing in the string is EMF.

[ElementUup]

light isnt a speed or constant but merely an induction rate at which it perturbates through the medium of space upon the ether. it impresses gravity into the dielectric field or "quantum field" and a unit of dielectric discharge manifests from the crude put "friction" which can be described both as electricity and its illumination. what i dont understand is if em is the fundamental force behind all nature why is gravity left alone by itself as a separate phenomenon if it is also instrumental on matter? if light makes up matter and light is made by em then how is how does gravity not involve magnetism or dieelctricity or electricity? and dont tell me because gravity is mass attracting mass only; that is completely nonsense. it is a fact that there is a repelling force disproving the theory entirely. gravity is described as positive pressure of dark energy while repulsion is the negative pressure and accelerates gravity's push. for example black holes can repel each other if spinning in opposite directions. so explain to me how gravity isn't simply magnetism or centrifugal divergence and centripetal convergence if two of the strongest gravitational anomalies where light cant escape can come near each other and not only escape each other but bounce off one another as if the event horizon becomes the point of zero entry instead of no return. relativity is based on specious and unprovable hypothetical nonsense. the reason they adopted it is because you can neither prove it or disprove it so you are left in an dead end echo chamber patting each others backs for agreeing you collectively know nothing.

[dudeabides]

Gilbert Grape's mom was a massive storage of energy

[alexkarasz]

Energy condensed equals matter. speed that up and you get energy once again. no need for scarcity. it’s ubiquitous

[oddsman]

If you want the equations to balance, Bm = (De * Dm) squared is by far the most important equation for modern theoretical physics.

Bm = Black magic
De = Dark energy
Dm = Dark matter

[javierjoemar-spjj]

"Energy un equal mass times the speed of light squared"

[baev]

With all due respect, this is the worst explanation I ever heard. He almost got tangled in his own words.

[lokidoo]

10 Million, 20 Million x? All the same?

[davidrandell]

E= mc^2 is a simple classical equation about so-called ‘ kinetic energy.’ Sr wrong due to reference frame mixing and bad math. “The Final Theory: Rethinking Our Scientific Legacy “, Mark McCutcheon.

[heron]

If Light has no Mass and if Energy IS Mass how come do Photons have Energy?