A World Without GPS? Meet the Quantum Sensors That Make It Possible

Scientists at Sandia National Laboratories have achieved a major advancement in GPS-free navigation with the development of a highly precise motion sensor. This new technology, described as "the mother of all motion sensors," harnesses quantum mechanics through atom interferometry. It measures acceleration and angular velocity with remarkable accuracy, making it a valuable tool in scenarios where GPS signals are jammed or unavailable, such as in conflict zones.

The breakthrough involves using silicon photonic microchip components for atom interferometry, which traditionally required large, cumbersome equipment. By miniaturizing these components and incorporating a new high-performance silicon photonic modulator, the researchers have significantly improved the sensor's performance. This modulator reduces unwanted frequencies, or sidebands, by nearly 100,000 times, enhancing the overall efficiency and accuracy of the sensor.

One of the major challenges with quantum navigation devices has been their high cost, largely due to the expensive laser systems required. Sandia's innovation includes producing these components on silicon photonic chips, which can be mass-produced at a lower cost, making the technology more accessible. This approach reduces the size, weight, and power requirements of the sensors, addressing significant barriers to their widespread deployment.

Beyond its primary application in navigation, this technology has broad potential for other fields. It could be used for locating underground resources, improving LIDAR systems, advancing quantum computing, and revolutionizing optical communications. Sandia National Laboratories is exploring these diverse applications as they continue to refine and commercialize their quantum compass technology.