BEST WISHES TO LELO | CLASS 12 | BUSINESS STUDIES EXAM

BEST WISHES TO LELO | CLASS 12 | BUSINESS STUDIES EXAM

[poojithar]

We were such a hard batch with no motivation and support all year along. All of us are prepared because of you sir. Thank you from the bottom of all our hearts. Rajat Arora is the icon of all commerce students 🥺🥺🥺🤍

[poojithar]

I really need your blessings for tomorrow sir 🥺❤️. I'm very anxious and yet excited and confident because I followed your routine everyday. It was extremely extremely helpful sir. Thank you for all your efforts sir. All of us are extremely indebted to you for these three days. All the best everyone!!! I hope our efforts brings out flying colours ❤️

[vidhisharma]

Looking in his eyes how much tired he is and still motivating us can't thank you enough sir thank you doin this for us

[skshama]

Thankyou so much sir for your efforts for us..♥️🙏 bilkul phodh k aaenge 40\40 lana hi h ab toh...still kuch topic confusing part h mere liye ..usko krke soungi...and thanks again apki efforts hum waste ni hone denge♥️🙏 lots of love to you sir 🥰❣️🙏

[niharikaacharjee]

Yes sir... I also hope for the best... And thank you for your best wishes... I have studied a lot and I hope that I get good marks... Aiming for 40/40 rest I wish that the paper comes easy not that tough... Thank u so much sir... For ur teachings...🥰❣️

[renukapaliwal]

Sir feeling like a soldier ready to conquer the base while holding your blessings in our heart ❤️
You are phenomenal🥺🥺 and your motivation can even beats Maslow the great 😍😍💞💕💕💞
At last I don't know whether you will read this comment but thank a lot it's just because of you 💕💞💕💞💕💞🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏

[tulikabhadra]

Sir don't worry hum sab aapna best denge
All the best every one stay calm and stress free 😊❤️

[Anjali-uwop]

All the best everyone may God bless u n you all got 40/40 💝

[kishorilakshmi]

iam very thankful to you sir .you have boosted me a lot .gave confidence to face the exam and you pray for us to write the exam well and have to give blessing for myself and the 12 th batch . your efforts for us wont be wasted sir sure you will get sucess from us.thanks a lot for all your efforts.

[Smartstockmove]

Chapter- staffing
Staffing:- it refers to placing the right person for the right job having the right qualification, doing the right work at the right time.
Importance:-
1. Filling the vacant job position through competitive personel
2. Placing the right person at the right job
3. Growth of the enterprise
4. Optimum utilisation of resources
5. Helps in competing
6. Develops motivation among employees
7. Key to effectiveness of other functions.
Staffing process:-
1. Estimating manpower requirement
2. Recruitment
3. Selection
4. Placement and orientation
5. Training and development
6. Performance appraisal
7. Promotion and carrer planning
8. Compensation
Selection process:-
1. Preliminary screening
2. Selection test (intelligence, aptitude, personality, trade, interest )
3. Employment interview
4. Checking references and background
5. Selection decision
6. Medical examination
7. Job offer
8. Contract of employment.
Recruitment:-
It refers to inducing more and more peoples to apply for the vacant job position
Types:-
Internal source of recruitment:-
1. Transfer
2. Promotion
External source of recrutment:-
1. Direct recruitment
2. Casual callers
3. Employment exchanges
4. Placement agensies and management consultant
5. Advertisement
6. Campus recruitment
7. Recommendation from present employees
8. Labour contracter
9. Advertisement on television
10. Web publishing
Training and development
Training refers to equipping the employees with the required skill to perform the job
Development refers to overall growth of the employee
On the job training:-
1. Apprenticeship programme
2. Internship
3. Induction or orientation programme
Off the job training:-
Vestibule school
.
.
.
.
Chapter- controlling
Controlling refers to the comparison between actual performance and the planned performance.
Importance of controlling:-
1. Helps in achieving organisational goals
2. Judging accuracy of standard
3. Helps in efficient utilisation of resources
4. Improvement in performance
5. Improves employees motivation
6. Ensures order and discipline
7. Facilitate coordination in action
Controlling process:-
1. Setting up of target or standards
2. Measuring of actual performance
3. Comparison between actual and planned performance
4. Analysing deviations
A. Critical point control ( key areas)
B. Management by exception( setting range)
5. Taking corrective measures
6. Feedback in controlling
.
.
.
.
Chapter- consumer protection
Consumer protection refers to protecting the interest of the consumer.
Right of consumers(RICHES)
1. Right to seek redressal
2. Right to information
3. Right to choice
4. Right to be heard
5. Right to consumer education
6. Right to safety
Responsibilities of consumers
1. Consumer must exercise their right
2. Cautious consumer
3. Filling complaint for genuine grieviances
4. Consumer must be quality conscious
5. Do not be carried away by advertisement
6. Insist on cash memo
7. Respect the environment
8. Discourage blackmarketing and insist on buying legal good and services
9. Be ware of the goods available
10. Form consumer societies
Redressal machinery:-
1. District forum
2. State commission
3. National commission
Remedies available:-
1. Replacement of the goods given
2. Withdrawal of goods from market
3. Paying compensation for the hazardous goods
4. Stopping unfair trade practices.
.
.
.
.
Chapter- directing
Directing refers to telling people what to do and seeing that they do it to the best of their ability
Functions of directing
1. Initiates action
2. Continous process
3. Pervasive
4. Performance oriented
5. Human element
Importance of directing:-
1. It initiates action
2. It integrates employes efforts
3. It helps in employees motivation
4. It creates balance in an organisation
5. Helps to adopt changes
Elements of diecting:-
1. Supervision
2. Motivation
3. Leadership
4. Communication
Leadership styles:-
1. Autocratic or authoritative leadership
2. Democratic or participative leadership
3. Free rein or laissez faire leadership
Communication:-
Formal communication:- it refers to the communication who r officially realted to each other. It is rigid in nature. It follows through a scaler chain. The record for this commm.. is being made for future refernce. It fullfills the satisfaction of organisation
Informal communication:-
It refers to communication btw the person who r not officially related to each other. It is flexible in nature. It provides satisfaction to employees. The network is called grape vine.
Motivation:-
Maslow need
1. Physiological need
2. Safety and security need
3. Belonging need
4. Esteem need
5. Self actualisation need
Financial incentive:-
1. Pay and allowances
2. Profit sharing
3. Copartnership or stock option
4. Bonus
5. Commision
6. Retirement benefits
7. Productivity linked wage incentive
8. Perquisites
Non financial incentive
1. Status
2. Organisation climate
3. Carrer advancement
4. Employess jurisdiction or autonomy
5. Employees recognisation
6. Job security
7. Employees participation
.
.
Chapter- financial management
Financial management refers to efficient acquisition of finance, efficient utilisation of finance and efficient distribution or disposal of surplus for smooth working of a company
Objectives:-
1. To increase the wealth of the equity shareholders
2. Profit maximisation
3. Maintainence of liquidity
4. Meeting financial commitments with creditors
5. Efficient utilisation of resources
Types of decisions
1. Investment decisions
2. Financing decision
3. Devidend decision
Factors affecting investment decisions :-
1. Cash flow of the project
2. Return on investment
3. Risk involved
4. Investment criteria
Factors affecting financing decision :-
1. Cost
2. Cash flow position
3. Floatation cost
4. Fixed operating costs
5. Control consideration
6. Risk involved
7. State of capital market
Factors affecting devidend decision:-
1. Earning
2. Stability of earning
3. Cash flow position
4. Growth prospectus
5. Taxation policy
6. Stability of dividend
Financial planning:-
It refers to planning in advance how much to spend and on what to spend.
Importance :-
1. It better prepares the firm to avoid business shocks and surprises
2. It helps the firm better prepare in future
3. Link between present and future
4. Helps in efficient utilisation of finance
5. It is the link between investment and financing decision
Capital structure/ financial leverage /trading on equity = debt/equity
Factors affecting capital structure:-
1. Cost of debt
2. Cash flow position
3. Risk
4. Cost of equity
5. Return on investment
6. Taxation policy
7. State of capital market
Factors affecting Fixed capital:-
1. Nature of business
2. Scale of operation
3. Technique of production
4. Technology upgradation
5. Growth prospectus
6. Diversification
Working capital is the difference btw current assets and current liabilities
Factors affecting working capital :-
1. Nature of business
2. Scale of operation
3. Business cycle
4. Seasonal factors
5. Technology and production technique
6. Credit allowed
7. Credit availed
8. Length of operating cycle.

.
.
Chapter- financial market
Financial market is the link between savers and the borrowers
Functions:-
1. Mobilisation of savings and channelising them into most productive use
2. Facilitate price discovery
3. Provide liquidity to financial assets
4. Reduce cost of transaction
Types:-
1. Money market
2. Capital market
Money market is the market for short term funds. It is required for working capital needs
Instruments:-
1. Call money
2. Treasury bills
3. Commercial bills
4. Commercial paper
5. Certificate of deposits
Capital market is divided into primary market and secondary market (stock exchange )
Primary market is the market for newly issued securities.
Methods of floatation in primary market:-
1. Public issue through prospectus
2. Offer for sale
3. Private placement
4. Right issue
5. E-ipos
Stock exchange is a body where buying and selling of securities are being done.
Functions of stock exchange:-
1. Economic barometer
2. Pricing of securities
3. Safety of transaction
4. Contributes to economic growth
5. Provides scope for speculation
6. Spreading equity cult
7. Liquidity
8. Better allocation of capital
Trading procedure:-
1. Selection of a broker
2. Opening demat acc with depository
3. Placing the order
4. Match between share and best price
5. Executing the order
6. Issue of contract note
7. Delivery of share and making payment
8. Settlement cycle
9. Pay out day
10. Delivery of shares by the broker to the demat acc of investor.
Sebi:- it is the regulatory body of stock exchange
Objectives:-
1. To protect the interest of the investors.
2. To develop stock exchange
3. To form rule, regulations and code of conduct for the intermediary.
Functions of sebi:-
1. Protective function
a. It prohibits price rigging
b. It prohibits insider trading
c. It promotes fair trade practices
d. It takes measures to educate the investors
2. Development functions:-
a. It provides training to intermediary
b. It had made underwriting optional
c. It has permitted insider training
d. Ipo is permitted through stock exchange
3. Regulatory functions:-
a. It provides rules and regulations and code of conduct for the intermediary.
b. It register and regulate intermediary
c. It regulate takeover of companies
d. It conducts inquiries and audit the stock exchange

[chanchalsainii]

Sir I’m very greatfull to have a online teacher like you thankyou so much for your efforts sir🥺❤️
I will score 40/40 in exam 🙏🏻

[neeraj]

Sir abhi padh na start Kiya hai, purae raat bhar kar na hai, sir ek like de do aur motivation aur aap ka aashir waad mil jyga, pura syllabus dekh na hai aur aap ki videos bhout help kregi, thanks a lot sir for your support🔥🔥🔥☺️👍

[cresterlest]

Thank you so much sir for all your efforts. You've been guiding us a lot for the past three days❤️

[blackpinkworld]

Sir Ji Blessings Will Definitely Help Us For The Today's Exam We All Are Lucky To Have You As Our Mentor Thank You Sir Ji For Everything You Gave To Us By Your Hard Efforts Thanks A Lot 💗

[gamingworld]

Thank you sir for your best wishes we will do our best and prove that you are best teacher and motivator for us .🤗

[lio]

Thanks a sir!!!
All the best everyone! Chill we'll all do well alright? 😊❤️❤️

[krishnapopat]

I was not feeling confident but after watching all your videos I'm confident now 😁...Thank you so much sir for this much efforts ❤😌

[紫色世界]

Phale hee advertisement na dil happy kar diya or jo bacha tha app ki bata suun ka yo bhi pura ho gaya sir thank you so much

[Priya_]

Thanks alot sir🙏🙏Sir humse zada mehnat too aap krte ho 😇😇uske liye jitna bhi thanks kahe apko km hi hai🙏Really sir you are god gifted to us😇🙏🙏 we love you sir ☺☺😇 You are the bestest 😎😎😇🙏

[sankirthanas]

_Sir!!!!😁🤩🤩 Here I am after attending the easiest paper!!! All the credits goes to You only ❤️🙏🏻(I got set 3) the amount of love and respect for you is immeasurable!!!!_ _THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR BEING WITH US THROUGHOUT AND GUIDING US!!!!_