What is a Constellation Diagram?

Explains the Constellation Diagram in Digital Communications and how it relates to real transmitted signals.

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[MaxeEricsson]

I am a RF Radio System Engineer in Ericsson. I like your radios and thanks for your sharing Great explanation for every detailed sub aspects of the whole communication system!

[GinMichelangelo]

For a non-engineer doing research about 5G and telecom, these videos have been a god-sent. Thank you so very much.

[abusimple]

amazing channel - though complex topics, they are simplified and thorough, just with paper and pencil, no fancy videos. Grateful for your contributions to "real education".

[beepbeep]

Thank you, easy and concise, some things I just can’t understand from the textbook

[Soho]

You make the hard stuff that blows our mind off as simple as drinking water
Thumbs up as usual 👍🏼🫡

[stevekim]

Your video made me so clear to understand how QAM works! Thank you very much!!!

[exaltant]

Great explanation but if you make all the topics and if you order the lectures in a playlist according to any standard textbook(proakis or haykin) it will be really helpful.

[tank_tales]

Hungrily waiting for your videos on binary phase shift keying, code division multiple access cdma, binary offset carrier wave modulation

[bobbaberson]

I understand why @8:45 the integration is the same for all I but the amplitude is not so clear. For QAM vs 16 QAM would be: (18+18+18+18)=72 vs 4x(2+10+10+18)/16=10. I assumed the amp for QAM is (sqr (3^2+3^2)).

[aarzoosingh]

sir @ 7:04 whether it would be energy as we are transmitting the signal for only Tb duration and signal which we are sending is energy signal i think ??
anyhow a great video sir now i can visualize the waveforms thanks for this

[maurizios]

I am bit confused in the part where average power is defined (around time 8:00). If value is integrated over time would not be an average energy (at least dimensionally)?

[성민욱-yc]

Thank you for explaining!
I have a question in 10:30. My english skill is not good so i don't understand the 'h' and 'root p' in equation.
Could you tell me more detail about that..?

[soumyaneogy]

at 10:06 in your video you say "so this gives you a power of 1 " . [1] I did not understand this part . [2] how does that scaling of dividing by square root of average power is making the comparison across different constellation easy ?

[maazawan]

Greetings sir!
What a wonderful explanation!
Just curious as to why the normalization factor is square root of average power of all symbols and not just the average power?
Looking forward

[CSTerminalTech]

The phase at 1:17 is 90 not 0 and at 1:23 it is 270 not 180 . Right?

[ilyavladimirov]

Thanks! You are making a good video. And good explain and make complex things simple, accessible and understandable. It would be nice if there was a video about EVM and MER. And about the influence of various factors on the EVM (for example phase noise)

[ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΟΣΒΛΥΣΝΑΚΗΣ]

Just a correction (If i remeber it correctly!!!). It is φ not Θ since it is phase which in greek is φάση.

[rishabhkumar]

sir can you please tell me the difference between the average power and transmitted power i mean i am not able to figure out the difference, are they same?
and secondly @10:07 what do you mean by unity power (Xk/sqrt(p'))= 1?

[hrachya_khachatryan]

Hi Iain, thanks for the nice video. One question: Are the carrier frequency fc and the symbol duration time T related to each other? Looking on the plot at 1:11, I can see that fc equals to 2/T. So I guess in general we can pick fc as an integer multiple of 1/T. But is there any reason for doing so?

[zewei]

Very clear explanation, thank you so much!!!