python flask prevent sql injection

Title: Securing Your Python Flask Application Against SQL Injection
Introduction:
SQL injection is a common and potentially devastating security vulnerability in web applications. It occurs when an attacker can manipulate an SQL query by injecting malicious SQL code. In this tutorial, we will explore how to prevent SQL injection in a Python Flask application by using parameterized queries and the SQLAlchemy ORM.
Prerequisites:
Make sure you have the following installed:
If you haven't installed Flask and SQLAlchemy yet, you can do so using the following commands:
Tutorial:
Flask-SQLAlchemy provides an ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) layer that helps prevent SQL injection by using parameterized queries. Make sure to define your models using SQLAlchemy.
When handling user input, always use parameterized queries or SQLAlchemy's ORM to prevent SQL injection. Avoid constructing queries by concatenating strings.
For more complex queries, use SQLAlchemy's ORM features, such as filter, filter_by, or join, to build queries safely.
Always sanitize and validate user input. Use Flask-WTF or other validation libraries to ensure that the data passed to your queries is clean.
By following these steps and leveraging Flask-SQLAlchemy's ORM features, you can significantly reduce the risk of SQL injection in your Python Flask application. Remember to always validate and sanitize user input, and avoid constructing SQL queries by concatenating strings. Security should be a top priority when developing web applications.
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