NCE Practice Test with explanations already graded A+

.NCE Practice Test with explanations
already graded A+
Susie is playing with blocks and is trying to build a tower; she tries but cannot build a
tower. Susie's mother helps her build a four-block tower. Later, Susie builds a fourblock tower without her mother's help. According to Vygotsky, the inability to build
the tower on
her own is known as:
a. scaffolding
b. the zone of proximal development
c. assisted discovery
d. learning by imitation - Answer b. the zone of proximal development
"Scaffolding" is a term used by Vygotsky that explains what Susie's mother is doing.
She is adjusting her level of support to Susie based on Susie's level of performance.
The zone of proximal development involves a range of tasks that are too difficult for
the child to do alone but possible to do with the help of adults or other, more-skilled
children. "Assisted discovery" is another term used by Vygotsky to describe learning
situations that a teacher sets up within a classroom so that children are guided into
discovering learning. Learning by imitation is a type of learning that involves a child
watching someone perform a task and later performing the task by herself.
According to Erickson, when an individual fails to develop a strong sense of identity,
the individual will have troubles with the development of:
a. autonomy
b. initiative
c. intimacy
d. integrity - Answer c. . intimacy
In Erickson's theory of psychosocial development, individuals who fail to achieve the
goal of the lower level of development will have problems attaining the
developmental task at the next stage of development. In the example above, the
individual failed to achieve identity, which occurs during adolescence. Therefore, in
young adulthood, the individual will have problems attaining intimacy, which is the
developmental task to be achieved at this level. For autonomy, the individual would
have to have failed to attain basic trust; for initiative, the individual would have to
have failed to attain autonomy; and for integrity, the individual would have to have
failed to attain generativity.
Which of the following is the correct sequence of stages in Freud's theory of
personality development?
a. Oral, genital, latency, anal, phallic
b. Genital, anal, phallic, oral, latency
c. Latency, phallic, oral, anal, genital
d. Oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital - Answer d. Oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital
The best way to remember Freud's psychosexual stages of development is to think
about what key tasks individuals do throughout childhood. The first thing infants do is

NCE Practice Test with explanations
already graded A+
suck (oral). Next, babies begin toilet training (anal), then discover the difference
between boys and girls (phallic). Next, children spend time growing physically and
cognitively but are latent in the psychosexual realm (not focusing on anything
sexual); finally, puberty sets in and they begin to think about sex again and are
focused on their own genitals.
Jacob's father tells Jacob to clean his room. When Jacob asks why, his father
responds, "Because I said so." The father's response is most representative of which
parenting style?
a. Uninvolved
b. Authoritarian
c. Authoritative
d. Permissive - Answer b. Authoritarian
The authoritarian parenting style uses coercive techniques and psychological control
to discipline children, whereas the authoritative parenting style emphasizes some
control but allows for some independence. The uninvolved parenting style rarely
uses any control and the parent seems to be indifferent to the child's level of
independence. In the permissive parenting style, the parents are typically
overindulgent with the child. They exert very little control and are lenient when it
comes to granting independence to the child.
Harry Harlow used baby monkeys and several different kinds of "surrogate mothers"
to investigate which factors are important in early development and attachment.
According to his findings, baby monkeys:
a. preferred a soft terrycloth "mother" to a wire-mesh "mother" that held a bottle
b. preferred a wire-mesh "mother" that held a bottle to a soft terrycloth "mother"
c. showed no preference
d. preferred neither "mother" - Answer a. preferred a soft terrycloth "mother" to a
wire-mesh "mother" that held a bottle

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