Mass spectrometry | Atomic structure and properties | AP Chemistry | Khan Academy

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[naxussh]

Why can’t uni professors just generalize a concept first and then go in depth. Why do they have to build from ground up

[vishalbhatt]

Wonderful explanation (as always) Sal! Thank you for making this video. The picture is also very helpful in visualizing.

[keromoni]

really helpful! I have been confused about this for weeks, finally I can understand it

[TechnicJelle]

We're going to learn this in school tomorrow! I'll be prepared then!

[Ayesha-ursq]

After the deflection of various isotopes of the atom are recorded, how do you know what the mass of each is? How did you know, from the example in the video, that it was Zr-90 and not Zr-96 that was the most prevalent? How was mass 90 assigned to the most prevalent isotope? Because at the atomic level would it not be difficult to measure the mass of each deflected atom and from there be able to tell what the mass is and how much of it is deflected to find the most common isotope?

[Domihork]

So... how can mass spec be used to analyse organic molecules? Like, how are people able to tell the protein structure by using mass spec?

[bebolovesshrek]

short summary of the video: Different elements are made of isotopes. to identify different isotopes and their abundance in nature, chemists use Mass Spectrophotometry, a technique which not only informs them about the abundance of an isotope, but also provides crucial details such as mass number, atomic number etc.

Working:
consider a sample of Zirconium passed through the MS.
it is vaporized by the heater.
the vapor then gets ionized by an electron beam source.
the ionized vapors get accelerated between 2 electric plates.
then they acted upon by 2 strong magnetic plates.
the Isotopes with a greater mass to charge ratio face the least deflection, while, the isotopes with a low mass to charge ratio, face the highest deflection.
the detector detects this and the frequency of the ionized isotopes can be represented in the form of a graph.

the graph is plotted as follows:
along the X axis: Atomic mass (u)
along the y axis : relative abundance (%)

[bolhasani]

Thanks in advanced for sharing such valuable contents. Really informative. 💐🙏🏻

[matmax]

u guys explained so well, that even i that speak a different langague could understand the concepts perfectly. good job

[bryanh]

Why isn't this version on the MCAT module?

[ellie-smxq]

i actually cannot explain how much this helped me thank you so much !!

[alexandervartolomei]

Bro you just saved my university career, thank you SOOO MUCH🙏🙏

[ChingKwong]

This mass spectrometry was called magnet spetrum. Its iou source was 'electron ionization', though filament was heating and shooting the heat ion. The heat ion was flight between the source magnet, it called Fleming's left hand rule.
When the sample which was gaseous injected into source, the heat ion was crashed the sample ion and let them lost one electron and sample ion to be electron changed particle that would help the sample ion moved on or affected by magtific field.

[giannidelillo]

Do I have any control upon the distribution of the kind of ions coming out from the electrons bombardment?
In other words, do I know how many Zr+, Zr2+, Zr3+ etc. do I produce before entering the accelerating electric field?

[websurfer]

Have scientists ever even seen a proton or a neutron, or is this all based on hypotheses?

[Shivani-kiwl]

What do you mean by "deflected", exactly?

[VaishuPado]

Idk, how do people come with these ideas....? it's just so...mind blowing..

[drjfchem]

Generally good, but you need to go into how the atom gets ionised in more detail.

[DeFaulty]

Wait, how do they determine the degree to which the sample is charged? And I suppose a more massive isotopes would also accelerate more slowly to the point where it's path is altered? And will, therefore, likely have more time for its path to be altered by the magnets at that point, unlike the faster, lower mass isotopes, which might be more easily rerouted, but for a shorter duration. Hmmmm.... Seems like a lot of more complicated processes are occurring here than you're letting on. Not to dismiss the fine work you're doing; my mind is just rattling with questions, that's all.

[deepbanerjee]

Spectroscopic techniques use electromagnetic radiation whereas spectrometric techniques do not involve usage of electromagnetic radiation....thus these two techniques are essentially different. The term mass spectroscopy is not used at all nowadays