Most liked Slavic country in Europe #mapping #shorts

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Bulgaria (/bʌlˈɡɛəriə, bʊl-/ (listen); Bulgarian: България, romanized: Bŭlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria, [a] is a country in Southeast Europe. Located west of the Black Sea and south of the Danube river Bulgaria is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south. Bulgaria covers a territory of 110, 994 square kilometres (42, 855 sq mi), and is the sixteenth-largest country in Europe. Sofia is the nation's capital and largest city; other major cities are Plovdiv, Varna and Burgas.
Bulgaria is a middle-sized country situated in Southeastern Europe, in the east of the Balkans. Its territory covers an area of 110, 994 square kilometres (42, 855 sq mi), while land borders with its five neighbouring countries run a total length of 1, 808 kilometres (1, 123 mi), and its coastline is 354 kilometres (220 mi) long.[114] Bulgaria's geographic coordinates are 43° N 25° E.[115] The most notable topographical features of the country are the Danubian Plain, the Balkan Mountains, the Thracian Plain, and the Rila-Rhodope massif.[114] The southern edge of the Danubian Plain slopes upward into the foothills of the Balkans, while the Danube defines the border with Romania. The Thracian Plain is roughly triangular, beginning southeast of Sofia and broadening as it reaches the Black Sea coast.[114]
The Balkan mountains run laterally through the middle of the country from west to east. The mountainous southwest has two distinct alpine type ranges—Rila and Pirin, which border the lower but more extensive Rhodope Mountains to the east, and various medium altitude mountains to west, northwest and south, like Vitosha, Osogovo and Belasitsa.[114] Musala, at 2, 925 metres (9, 596 ft), is the highest point in both Bulgaria and the Balkans. The Black Sea coast is the country's lowest point.[115] Plains occupy about one third of the territory, while plateaux and hills occupy 41%.[116] Most rivers are short and with low water levels. The longest river located solely in Bulgarian territory, the Iskar, has a length of 368 kilometres (229 mi). The Struma and the Maritsa are two major rivers in the south.[117][114]
Climate
Bulgaria has a varied and changeable climate, which results from being positioned at the meeting point of the Mediterranean, Oceanic and Continental air masses combined with the barrier effect of its mountains.[114] Northern Bulgaria averages 1 °C (1.8 °F) cooler, and registers 200 millimetres (7.9 in) more precipitation, than the regions south of the Balkan mountains. Temperature amplitudes vary significantly in different areas. The lowest recorded temperature is −38.3 °C (−36.9 °F), while the highest is 45.2 °C (113.4 °F).[118] Precipitation averages about 630 millimetres (24.8 in) per year, and varies from 500 millimetres (19.7 in) in Dobrudja to more than 2, 500 millimetres (98.4 in) in the mountains. Continental air masses bring significant amounts of snowfall during winter.[119]

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Determining which countries have the "best" mountains is subjective and can vary based on personal preferences and criteria. However, there are several countries known for their spectacular mountain ranges and popular destinations for mountain enthusiasts. Here are a few countries that are often regarded for their impressive mountains:

1. Nepal: Nepal is home to the mighty Himalayas, including Mount Everest, the highest peak in the world. The country offers breathtaking mountain scenery and is a popular destination for trekking and mountaineering.

2. Switzerland: Switzerland is renowned for its stunning Alpine landscapes. The Swiss Alps offer picturesque peaks, charming villages, and excellent opportunities for hiking, skiing, and mountaineering.

3. Canada: Canada boasts vast mountain ranges, including the Canadian Rockies in Alberta and British Columbia. These mountains offer majestic scenery, crystal-clear lakes, and opportunities for outdoor activities such as hiking, skiing, and wildlife viewing.

4. Norway: Norway is famous for its dramatic fjords and towering mountains, such as the iconic peaks of the Norwegian fjord region. The country offers incredible hiking and climbing opportunities, as well as breathtaking vistas.

5. Argentina: Argentina is home to the Andes Mountains, which stretch along the western border of the country. This mountain range offers diverse landscapes, including towering peaks, glaciers, and picturesque lakes. The region around Mount Aconcagua, the highest peak in the Americas, is particularly popular among climbers.

6. United States: The United States is blessed with various mountain ranges, such as the Rocky Mountains, Sierra Nevada, and Appalachian Mountains. These ranges provide diverse landscapes, outdoor recreational opportunities, and iconic peaks like the Grand Tetons and Mount Rainier.

Other countries with notable mountain ranges and landscapes include Chile, France, Italy, Bhutan, and Austria.

It's important to note that the beauty and appeal of mountains are subjective, and there are many other countries with remarkable mountain ranges that may be equally worthy of exploration and admiration.

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After the breakup of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, the region that is now North Macedonia went through a period of political and economic transition. The country initially declared independence from Yugoslavia in 1991 and was recognized as the Republic of Macedonia. However, due to a naming dispute with Greece, it was referred to as the "Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" (FYROM) by international organizations until 2019 when the country officially changed its name to North Macedonia.

The transition period following the breakup of Yugoslavia was challenging for North Macedonia. The country faced political instability, economic difficulties, and ethnic tensions. In 2001, an armed conflict broke out between ethnic Albanian insurgents and the Macedonian security forces, which resulted in a brief conflict known as the "2001 insurgency." The conflict was eventually resolved through a peace agreement known as the Ohrid Framework Agreement, which aimed to address the concerns of the Albanian minority and promote greater inclusion and rights for all citizens.

Since then, North Macedonia has made progress in consolidating its democratic institutions, improving governance, and implementing reforms to align with European Union (EU) standards. The country has aspired to join the EU and has been engaged in accession negotiations since 2005. Efforts have been made to strengthen the rule of law, combat corruption, and enhance the independence of the judiciary.

Economically, North Macedonia has undergone a process of market-oriented reforms, privatization, and integration into the global economy. The country has made strides in attracting foreign direct investment and developing sectors such as manufacturing, information technology, and services. However, unemployment rates remain relatively high, particularly among young people.

North Macedonia also faces challenges related to social cohesion and interethnic relations. The country is home to a diverse population, with ethnic Macedonians and ethnic Albanians being the two largest groups. Efforts have been made to promote interethnic dialogue, cultural diversity, and minority rights. The country has established institutions and mechanisms to support the protection of minority rights and the representation of minority communities in public institutions.

In recent years, North Macedonia has achieved several significant milestones. In 2019, the country reached an agreement with Greece on the name dispute, leading to the official change of the country's name to North Macedonia. This development opened up opportunities for the country's Euro-Atlantic integration aspirations.

Overall, North Macedonia has made progress in its post-Yugoslav journey, but challenges remain. The country continues to work towards political stability, economic growth, and EU integration while addressing issues such as corruption, unemployment, and social cohesion.

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The economic situation in North Macedonia has seen improvements in recent years, although challenges and disparities persist. The country has undergone a transition from a centrally planned economy to a market-oriented system since gaining independence in the early 1990s. Here are some key aspects of the economic situation in North Macedonia:

1. GDP and Growth: North Macedonia has experienced moderate economic growth over the years, with fluctuations due to external factors and economic crises. In recent years, the economy has shown signs of recovery and resilience. The GDP growth rate has averaged around 3-4% annually, with some variations. However, it's important to note that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the economy, leading to a contraction in 2020.

2. Sectors: North Macedonia's economy is diversified, with sectors such as manufacturing, services, agriculture, and construction playing significant roles.

- Manufacturing: Manufacturing is a crucial sector for North Macedonia's economy, accounting for a significant portion of industrial output and exports. The country has a well-developed manufacturing base, including industries such as automotive components, textiles, food processing, pharmaceuticals, and metal products.

- Services: The services sector has also been growing, with areas such as information technology, telecommunications, tourism, and financial services showing potential. The country has made efforts to attract foreign direct investment in the services sector and develop a competitive business environment.

- Agriculture: Agriculture contributes to the country's economy, particularly in rural areas. The agricultural sector is diverse, with products like fruits, vegetables, tobacco, wine, and dairy products being important for domestic consumption and exports.

3. Foreign Trade and Investment: North Macedonia has sought to enhance its international trade and attract foreign direct investment. The country has taken steps to improve its business environment, simplify procedures, and promote trade liberalization. Major trading partners include countries in the European Union, as well as neighboring countries in the Western Balkans. Efforts have also been made to diversify export markets and reduce reliance on a limited number of trading partners.

4. Unemployment and Poverty: Unemployment rates in North Macedonia have been relatively high, especially among young people and women. The government has implemented various measures to address unemployment and enhance job creation through investment incentives, vocational training programs, and support for entrepreneurship. Poverty and income inequality remain challenges, particularly in rural areas and among vulnerable groups.

5. Infrastructure and Connectivity: Improving infrastructure and connectivity has been a priority for North Macedonia. Investments have been made in road networks, energy infrastructure, and digital connectivity. The country has also been involved in regional infrastructure projects aimed at enhancing connectivity within the Western Balkans and integrating with European networks.

6. Euro-Atlantic Integration: North Macedonia has aspired to join the European Union and NATO. Progress has been made, including the start of EU accession negotiations and the country's NATO membership in 2020. These integration efforts provide opportunities and challenges for the country's economic development, requiring further reforms and alignment with EU standards.

It's important to note that the economic situation in North Macedonia can be influenced by various factors, including global economic conditions, regional stability, political developments, and the ongoing process of structural reforms. The government continues to focus on attracting investments, improving the business climate, promoting innovation, and addressing socio-economic disparities to foster sustainable economic growth.

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The history of the Macedonian people is complex and spans several millennia. The region of Macedonia, located in the Balkans in southeastern Europe, has been inhabited since prehistoric times and has witnessed the rise and fall of various civilizations. Here is an overview of the history of the Macedonian people:

1. Ancient Macedonia: The ancient Macedonians were a distinct people who inhabited the region of Macedonia in antiquity. The most famous figure associated with ancient Macedonia is Alexander the Great, who created one of the largest empires in history. Under his leadership, the Macedonian Empire expanded across Asia, Egypt, and parts of Europe. The ancient Macedonians had their own language and culture, which were distinct from those of their Greek neighbors.

2. Roman and Byzantine Rule: Macedonia came under Roman rule in the 2nd century BC after the conquests of the Roman Republic. The region became part of the Roman Empire and later the Byzantine Empire, experiencing influences from Roman and Greek cultures. During this period, Christianity spread throughout the region, and several important cities, such as Thessaloniki, emerged as centers of trade and culture.

3. Ottoman Rule: In the late 14th century, the Ottoman Empire expanded into the Balkans, including Macedonia. For about five centuries, the region remained under Ottoman rule, during which the population gradually converted to Islam, and the Turkish language and Islamic culture exerted significant influence. However, the Macedonian people, particularly in the rural areas, maintained their distinct identity and cultural practices.

4. Balkan Wars and Yugoslav Period: In the early 20th century, the Ottoman Empire weakened, and Macedonia became a battleground in the Balkan Wars. Following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, the region was divided among several countries, including Greece, Bulgaria, and Serbia. During the interwar period, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was established, and Macedonia became part of the new Yugoslav state.

5. Formation of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia: After World War II, Macedonia became one of the six socialist republics within the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The Yugoslav period saw the modernization of the region, industrial development, and cultural and educational advancements. The Macedonian language was standardized and recognized as a distinct language.

6. Independence and the Republic of North Macedonia: In 1991, following the breakup of Yugoslavia, the Republic of Macedonia declared its independence. However, its name was disputed with Greece due to concerns over territorial claims and the use of the name "Macedonia, " which was shared with a Greek region. The naming dispute was resolved in 2019 when the country changed its name to North Macedonia.

Today, the Macedonian people, also known as North Macedonians, form the majority population in North Macedonia. They have a diverse cultural heritage influenced by the region's history, including elements from ancient Macedonia, Byzantine, Ottoman, and Yugoslav periods. The Macedonian language, a South Slavic language, is the official language of the country. The people of North Macedonia continue to shape their identity, culture, and future within the context of their historical background and their integration into the modern world.

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Armenia’s favorite Slavic country is Serbia, not Russia

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