Driving through Madison, Indiana

Madison, located in Jefferson County, Indiana, along the Ohio River, is a city rich in history and architectural significance. With a population of 11,967 according to the 2010 census and a broader metropolitan area of over 55,000 within a 15-mile radius, Madison stands as the largest city on the Ohio River between Louisville and Cincinnati. Its historic downtown, designated a National Historic Landmark in 2006, spans 133 blocks, showcasing a wealth of architectural styles and historical landmarks.

Historical Overview

Madison’s origins trace back to 1810 when it was laid out and platted by John Paul. The city experienced rapid growth in its early years due to its strategic location along the Ohio River and its role as a critical entry point into the Indiana Territory via the Old Michigan Road. Its proximity to Kentucky, a slave state, made Madison an essential station on the Underground Railroad. George DeBaptiste’s barbershop, a hub of the local abolitionist movement, played a significant role in this endeavor.

By 1850, Madison had become the third-largest city in Indiana and among the top 100 largest cities in the United States. The city's development was bolstered by the construction of Indiana's first railroad, the Madison & Indianapolis Railroad, which was operational from 1836 to 1847. The railroad's eventual decline led to Madison's reduced prominence as new rail lines bypassed the city.

Madison's growth continued into the late 19th century, marked by a mix of new constructions and the modernization of older structures with cast-iron storefronts and sheet metal cornices. The city’s architectural heritage is preserved in the Madison National Landmark Historic District, which includes examples of Federal, Victorian, and Art Moderne styles.

In 1952, North Madison was annexed, enhancing city services and supporting local businesses. However, a tornado in 1974 caused significant damage, including the destruction of numerous buildings in the area.

The city’s history includes the tragic murder of Shanda Sharer in 1992, a case that gained national attention.

National Register of Historic Places

Several properties in Madison are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, including:

Crawford-Whitehead-Ross House
Jefferson County Jail
Lanier Mansion
Madison Historic District
Charles L. Shrewsbury House

In August 2006, a fire severely damaged the Madison Elks Lodge and a former city hall building, both key historic sites.

Jefferson County Courthouse Fire

On May 20, 2009, a fire broke out in the dome of the Jefferson County Courthouse, which was being repainted for Madison's bicentennial. The blaze caused significant damage but was contained without major injuries. The fire’s cause was attributed to a contractor using an open-flame propane torch. The damaged dome was later removed and replaced.

Super Outbreak of Tornadoes

The 1974 Super Outbreak, one of the largest tornado outbreaks in recorded history, affected Madison on April 3-4, 1974. An F4 tornado struck the city, causing extensive damage. Hanover, nearby, was also severely hit, with significant destruction at Hanover College. In Madison, seven people were killed, and around 300 homes were destroyed.

Geography and Climate

Madison is on the north side of the Ohio River, with U.S. Route 421 and Indiana State Roads 7 and 56 serving as major thoroughfares. The city is bordered to the west by Clifty Falls State Park, known for its natural beauty and high terrain.

Madison experiences a humid subtropical climate, characterized by hot, humid summers and mild to cool winters.

Madison’s cultural scene includes its notable powerboat racing tradition. The city hosts the annual Madison Regatta, a prominent event in the Unlimited Hydroplane racing circuit. Miss Madison, the world's only community-owned unlimited hydroplane, is a source of local pride and has achieved significant victories, including the 1971 Gold Cup.

The city has also been featured in popular culture. The film Some Came Running (1958) was shot in Madison, showcasing the city’s historical charm. The 2001 film Madison, which dramatizes the city’s hydroplane racing history, also brought attention to the city.

Education

Madison’s educational institutions include:

Madison Consolidated Schools: Encompassing multiple elementary schools, junior high, and high schools.
Southwestern Schools: Includes Southwestern Junior and Senior High School.
Prince of Peace Catholic Schools: Includes Shawe Memorial High School and Pope John XXIII Elementary School.
Other Private Schools: Christian Academy of Madison.

The city also has a branch of the Jefferson County Public Library.

Notable Residents

Madison has been home to various notable individuals, including:

Irene Dunne, a five-time Academy Award-nominated actress.
Bryan Bullington, a professional baseball player.
David L. Armstrong, former mayor of Louisville, Kentucky.

[williammcfadden]

The river towns along the Ohio River, such as Madison were the first centers of population in Inland America, dating back to the very early 19th Century. As a result one would see Federal Period architecture in those towns similar to what one would see closer to the East Coast. One would be less likely to see that style of architecture generally in the Midwest and Inland Upper South which was first settled several decades later. With that being said the appearance of Madison is attractive.

[HisNameIsRobertPaulson]

How did you go from Ocala, FL and end up in Madison, IN? I don't mean the route you took, just what made you go there?