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Topological Charge Fluctuations in the Vacuum of Quantum Chromodynamics
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This video represents fluctuations of the topological charge of "color" fields in Quantum chromodynamics (QCD), simulated on a periodic 4-dimensional lattice approximately 5.5 femtometers across. QCD governs interactions of quarks and gluons that bind them into protons and neutrons, and lead to forces holding the nuclei together. Quantum gluon fields have complex topology, with lumps of the topological charge being instantons (red) and anti-instantons (blue).
This fluctuating topology of QCD fields may lead to violation of the charge-parity (CP) symmetry and induce electric dipole moments (EDMs) in neutrons, protons, nuclei, and atoms. EDMs are sought in experiments as evidence of CP violation, which is required for the creation of nuclear matter in the early hot Universe. Additionally, these topology fluctuations generate the mass for the axion, a hypothetical particle that might explain the enigmatic nature of Dark Matter.
This fluctuating topology of QCD fields may lead to violation of the charge-parity (CP) symmetry and induce electric dipole moments (EDMs) in neutrons, protons, nuclei, and atoms. EDMs are sought in experiments as evidence of CP violation, which is required for the creation of nuclear matter in the early hot Universe. Additionally, these topology fluctuations generate the mass for the axion, a hypothetical particle that might explain the enigmatic nature of Dark Matter.
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Topological Charge Fluctuations in the Vacuum of Quantum Chromodynamics
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