Elements of Webb: Why Does Webb Use Helium?, Ep 09

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Helium is the element with the lowest boiling point. Find out how the James Webb Space Telescope uses this special element to stay cool in the latest episode of Elements of Webb.

Credit: NASA's Goddard Spaceflight Center

Sophia Roberts (AIMM): Lead Producer
Sophia Roberts (AIMM): Lead Writer
Sophia Roberts (AIMM): Lead Editor
Sophia Roberts (AIMM): Videographer
Michael McClare (KBRwyle): Editor
Michael McClare (KBRwyle): Videographer
Michael P. Menzel (AIMM): Videographer
Michael P. Menzel (AIMM): Production Assistant
Duncan Wiles: Videographer
Aaron E. Lepsch (ADNET): Lead Technical Support
Walt Feimer (KBRwyle): Lead Animator
Adriana Manrique Gutierrez (KBRwyle): Animator
Bailee DesRocher (USRA): Animator
Jacquelyn DeMink (USRA): Animator
Krystofer Kim (KBRwyle): Animator
Jonathan North (KBRwyle): Animator
Michael Lentz (KBRwyle): Animator

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“Helium only has two protons and two electrons.”
Neutrons: “Are we a joke to you?”

qbaneando

Great video, but I'll nit-pick the video for a moment . . . High-velocity breath from a small mouth opening will feel cool on your hand MOSTLY because your breath induces ambient air that is usually cooler & dryer than your breath. Just like a fan, this blowing will cool your skin by conduction & by evaporative cooling. The Joule-Thompson effect is based on a pressure reduction, & I don't believe our lungs can generate enough breath pressure to get a Joule-Thompson effect THAT YOU COULD FEEL. See what happens when you use your mouth to blow high-velocity air on a thermometer instead of on your skin. Tom H. retired chemical engineer

tomhertwig

This is the information i was looking for! I knew of the cooler, but didn't fully understand how it worked or what it even looked like. THANK YOUZ!

ZeroSpawn

I love watching her great personalilty and cutness.

mechanic

Before 1968, the units for absolute temperature were described as "degrees Kelvin" or "degrees absolute." After that, the SI system got rid of the idea of "degree" for absolute temperature, so the new unit should apparently be expressed as a "kelvin" (with lowercase k) and abbreviated simply "K" (without the degree sign).

GregorShapiro

3:25 perhaps the best illustration of Joule-Thompson I will ever come across. Kudos. And thanks.
But wait. Isn't a huff condensing warm droplets onto your skin, and a blow, cooling by evaporation?!

nickfosterxx

I am utterly in awe of the men and women responsible for this marvel of technology and human ingenuity. The more I learn about the mind-boggling complexities at play with this endeavor, the greater my respect for the collective efforts of these scientists becomes.

watong

This stuff is whatever is after "cutting edge".
Thanks, keep up the excellent work.

ecrusch

You are wrong about Helium only having two protons and two electrons. It also has two neutrons which basically double the total mass Helium would have otherwise.

urfinjuice

Nice video, but there's no need for "degrees Kelvin, " since the Kelvin scale is an absolute scale. A Kelvin is a unit all by itself and doesn't need "degrees." It's not "7 degrees Kelvin, " it's just "7 Kelvin." Only relative temperature scales, such as Celsius or Fahrenheit, are specified with degrees.

markcollins

Good explanations, but there’s no liquid helium involved. Just compressed and expanding gaseous helium. Still works.

briancomber

A single kelvin is referred to as a unit, rather than a degree.

gunnargu

Based on the criteria given, why not use hydrogen in stead of helium. It's a smaller atom and it's lighter. Could it be because hydrogen is diatomic and thus exists as H2 (two hydrogen atoms forming a single hydrogen molecule)? That would mean two protons and two electrons per unit of hydrogen -- right?

xjet

Idk who she is, but her energy and charisma have provided me energy, even better it’s on a topic i love! Space!

DannyMancheno

Is there some resource at NASA or Goddard explaining how you control vibration of the cryocooler? It must have been a monumental challenge. IIRC, Hubble's IR camera was initially cooled by solid nitrogen (to avoid vibration problem), but when it evaporated much sooner than expected, a closed-cycle cryocooler was installed. However, Hubble observes at much shorter wavelengths even at its IR end of usable spectrum, so its actively cooled camera is warmer than the whole dark side of Webb.

bazoo