PHRASE vs. CLAUSE - What's the Difference? - English Grammar - Independent and Dependent Clauses

In this lesson, you will also learn about the different types of phrases and clauses with examples. Topics include dependent and independent clauses, noun phrases, verb phrases, adverb phrases etc.

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Transcript:

Many people are confused about the
difference between phrases and clauses.
Are these different grammar items or are
they just two names for the same thing?
That's what we're going to talk about in
this video.
Now before we start just remember: if you have any questions at
all you just have to ask me in the
comments section below and I will talk
to you there.
So in this lesson we're going to learn
the difference between phrases and
clauses. But first let's talk about how
phrases and clauses are similar.
They're similar in this way: both of
these refer two groups of words that are
meaningful. Look at these examples: near
my home or Dexter won the bicycle race
You can see that these are meaningful
so one of them is afraid and the other
is a clause
OK so what's the difference between them? Well
the difference is this: a clause is a
group of words with a subject-verb
combination so Dexter won the bicycle
race is a clause because it has a
subject - Dexter and a verb - won is the past
tense of win so this is a clause. A
phrase is a group of words without a
subject-verb combination. So near my home
is a phrase because there's no subject
verb combination
It's very simple but keep this important
difference in mind - a clause has a
subject-verb combination and a phrase
does not. So now let me show you some
more examples so that you can learn how
to easily identify phrases and clauses
Alright all the words that you see on
the screen are phrases. You'll notice
that in all of these there's no subject
verb combination and these examples also
show the most common types of phrases
For example my two wonderful dogs is
a phrase focusing on the noun dogs and
the phrase the tallest building in the
world focuses on the noun building so we
say that these are noun phrases.
What about couldn't go and will be
working? Can you guess what type of
phrases these are? These are
verb phrases because they only have verbs
in them. All of these words are verbs
similarly we have the adjective phrases
very friendly and afraid of the dark
we say that these are adjective phrases
because the focus is on friendly and
afraid - the other words in these phrases
are only helping the main words and the
main words are adjectives. Really fast
and much quicker are adverb phrases
because the adverbs fast and quicker are
the focus of these phrases and finally
what about near the post office and on
the 29th? Do you know? These are preposition
phrases because each of these tells us
about a place or about time using the
prepositions near and on. These are the
most common types of phrases that you
will come across and once again remember
these are phrases because they don't
have a subject verb combination. So let's
now look at some examples of clauses
like I said a clause is just like a
phrase - it's a group of words but a
clause has a subject verb combination
now in English there are many different
kinds of causes but the two most
important that you need to know about
are independent and dependent clauses
let's start with the independent clause
this is simply a clause that can stand
alone as a sentence. For example He ate
dinner
this is a clause because it has a
subject - he - and a verb - ate - past tense of
eat and it's independent because it can
be a sentence on its own. So what's a
dependent clause then? Well it's a clause
that is it has a subject-verb
combination but it cannot be a sentence
by itself. For example When James got
home is a dependent clause - it has a
subject - James - and a verb - got - but if you
think about it it's not a complete
sentence because if I said when James
got home you will ask okay then what?
What happened?
So you see the sentence isn't complete
so this is a dependent clause.

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