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MASTS Webinar series with Richard Lilley (28 April 2021)
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Richard Lilley from Project Seagrass presents "Seagrass Restoration in Scotland: Challenges and Opportunities?"
Seagrass meadows are one of the most productive ecosystems on Earth. Our domestic seagrasses (often referred to as eelgrass in Scotland) are a group of flowering plants adapted to life in the sea. Seagrass meadows in the UK provide a home to around 50 species of fish and they have particular importance as a nursery ground for juvenile cod, pollack, whiting and plaice, as well as herring and sea bass. Despite their high importance recent estimates indicate that the long-term loss of these habitats extends from between 44 and 92% in the UK. The reasons for this are complex and range from problems caused by poor water quality, to impacts from boating and land reclamation. As we enter the UN Decade On Ecosystem Restoration, what are the challenges and opportunities that exist for large scale restoration of these marine habitats in Scotland?
QUESTIONS
1 If water quality is the one of the issues for seagrass meadows within estuaries would there be scope to couple seagrass restoration with the native oyster restoration projects?
2 What were the most significant reasons/mechanisms that caused the loss? e.g. sedimentation, water quality, dredging etc.
3 Where has the 2,500 hectare target for restoration come from?
4 What metrics are being used / will be used to assess the success of seagrass restoration projects? Is it more than just the number of hectares?
5 What is the medium you use in the hessian bags for seeds?
6 If historical data on seagrass coverage is difficult to obtain/non existent, how can you assess that this habitat has been lost or degraded by 50% or up to 90+%? Also, why would advocating for governments to provide leadership be in Phase 3 of the strategic plan, from 2026-2030? Surely you would need to engage with government at a very early stage, before and during restoration projects being undertaken in order to ensure compliance with current regulations? How is this (i.e. engagement with government) currently being done?
7 Have you discussed approaches to harvesting with Agricultural equipment designers?
8 How do you establish which areas you are going to restore for seagrass?
9 Any ideas on why the germination rate is so low?
10 Are all UK seagrass meadows in the Crown Estate?
11 What can be done to enhance the physical environment of existing seagrass meadows to encourage populations?
12 Successful restoration will presumably need some management measures to ensure the pressures that caused the loss in the first place are removed in the future? How will these projects interact with eg marine plans
13 What do you think about mangroves support the growth of seagrass meadows?
14 Are these habitats afforded protection as qualifying features in statutory designated sites for the UK?
15 Is Zostera like terrestrial rhizomatous grasses such as Elymus repens where small pieces broken off can turn into new plants?
16 Interested to find out how you identify & define different levels of 'condition' from a monitoring perspective (to see if improvement in condition over time). Great talk, thank you.
17 Are there plans to develop habitat distribution maps you discussed on NMPi (similar to the terrestrial HabMoS dataset) or does it remain an academic endeavor?
18 Thank you! Very nice presentation! I was wondering if there is an estimation of the effects of removing seeds from a healthy meadow. Are you affecting the reproduction and health of the source meadow?
19 For more turbid water, have you considered exploring full-waveform topographic lidar or underwater acoustic remote sensors?
20 Regarding the planting area, is bioturbation a threat? In literature, bioturbation can severy affect seeds germination, but I guess the sandbag can overcome this problem. Is it true?
21 How sensitive would a seagrass habitat in Scotland be to coastal onshore quarry operations or developments like a windfarm
22 Is there any temperature impact on the balance between asexual and sexual reproduction, as is seen in maerl.
Seagrass meadows are one of the most productive ecosystems on Earth. Our domestic seagrasses (often referred to as eelgrass in Scotland) are a group of flowering plants adapted to life in the sea. Seagrass meadows in the UK provide a home to around 50 species of fish and they have particular importance as a nursery ground for juvenile cod, pollack, whiting and plaice, as well as herring and sea bass. Despite their high importance recent estimates indicate that the long-term loss of these habitats extends from between 44 and 92% in the UK. The reasons for this are complex and range from problems caused by poor water quality, to impacts from boating and land reclamation. As we enter the UN Decade On Ecosystem Restoration, what are the challenges and opportunities that exist for large scale restoration of these marine habitats in Scotland?
QUESTIONS
1 If water quality is the one of the issues for seagrass meadows within estuaries would there be scope to couple seagrass restoration with the native oyster restoration projects?
2 What were the most significant reasons/mechanisms that caused the loss? e.g. sedimentation, water quality, dredging etc.
3 Where has the 2,500 hectare target for restoration come from?
4 What metrics are being used / will be used to assess the success of seagrass restoration projects? Is it more than just the number of hectares?
5 What is the medium you use in the hessian bags for seeds?
6 If historical data on seagrass coverage is difficult to obtain/non existent, how can you assess that this habitat has been lost or degraded by 50% or up to 90+%? Also, why would advocating for governments to provide leadership be in Phase 3 of the strategic plan, from 2026-2030? Surely you would need to engage with government at a very early stage, before and during restoration projects being undertaken in order to ensure compliance with current regulations? How is this (i.e. engagement with government) currently being done?
7 Have you discussed approaches to harvesting with Agricultural equipment designers?
8 How do you establish which areas you are going to restore for seagrass?
9 Any ideas on why the germination rate is so low?
10 Are all UK seagrass meadows in the Crown Estate?
11 What can be done to enhance the physical environment of existing seagrass meadows to encourage populations?
12 Successful restoration will presumably need some management measures to ensure the pressures that caused the loss in the first place are removed in the future? How will these projects interact with eg marine plans
13 What do you think about mangroves support the growth of seagrass meadows?
14 Are these habitats afforded protection as qualifying features in statutory designated sites for the UK?
15 Is Zostera like terrestrial rhizomatous grasses such as Elymus repens where small pieces broken off can turn into new plants?
16 Interested to find out how you identify & define different levels of 'condition' from a monitoring perspective (to see if improvement in condition over time). Great talk, thank you.
17 Are there plans to develop habitat distribution maps you discussed on NMPi (similar to the terrestrial HabMoS dataset) or does it remain an academic endeavor?
18 Thank you! Very nice presentation! I was wondering if there is an estimation of the effects of removing seeds from a healthy meadow. Are you affecting the reproduction and health of the source meadow?
19 For more turbid water, have you considered exploring full-waveform topographic lidar or underwater acoustic remote sensors?
20 Regarding the planting area, is bioturbation a threat? In literature, bioturbation can severy affect seeds germination, but I guess the sandbag can overcome this problem. Is it true?
21 How sensitive would a seagrass habitat in Scotland be to coastal onshore quarry operations or developments like a windfarm
22 Is there any temperature impact on the balance between asexual and sexual reproduction, as is seen in maerl.
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