Python Metaclasses: Everything is an Object

n Python, everything is an object, even the classes that create objects. You used a class to instantiate an object instance, but classes themselves are also instantiated behind the scenes. This mechanism is available to you as a programmer through the concept of metaclasses.

This is an advanced topic and this video is geared toward an intermediate Python or beyond.

This is a portion of the complete course, which you can find here:

The rest of the course covers:
- Real-world Metaclasses
- Metaclass Usage within the Python Standard Library
- Additional resources to continue your learning

[drz]

Very concise and exactly what I needed. THANK YOU!

[tbazadaykin]

(12:26) If we talk about hierarchy in terms of “ancestor”/“descendant”, then at the top there will be an `object`. Therefore, the class `Apple` will be a descendant of the class `Fruit`, which will be a descendant of the class `object`, and all 3 will be instances of class `type`. Moreover - `type` is a descendant of `object` and both are an instance of `type`. `object` has no ancestors. The ancestor for the class is indicated in the attribute `__base__`.

[pancernymisiek]

where is the 2nd video with real world examples?