Choroidal Melanoma.

🔷Choroidal Melanoma🔷
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Few lesions masquerading as melanoma are:
🔸Choroidal nevus
🔸Choroidal metastasis
🔸Choroidal hemangioma
🔸Choroidal osteoma
🔸Melanocytoma
🔸Benign lymphoid tumor
🔸Choroidal hemangio-pericytoma
🔸Choroidal leiomyoma
🔸Extra-macular disciform lesion
🔸Ruptured arteriolar macroaneurysm
🔸Localized choroidal detachment
🔸Retinal pigment epithelial hypertrophy
🔸Posterior scleritis
🔸Haemorrhagic retinal detachment
🔸Massive retinal gliosis
🔸Retinalglioma.
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👉 Choroidal melanoma is the most common primary intra-ocular malignant tumor and second most common site of ten malignant melanoma sites in the body.
👉 Choroidal melanoma and other uveal melanomas most often affect Caucasians of Northern European descent.
👉 The orange-colored spots, that can be located on a tumor surface, are formed by lipofuscin deposits and are a risk factor for malignant melanoma.
👉 A posterior margin of the tumor involving the optic disc, or less than 3 mm from it, is a risk factor for disease progression and metastasis formation.
👉 Thickness greater than 2mm is a risk factor for melanoma.
👉 Uveal melanoma size is the most important clinical factor related to prognosis.
👉 The presence of subretinal fluid or a neurosensory retinal detachment is also an important risk factor for malignant melanoma.
👉 Although optic nerve melanocytoma is a benign tumor, a small percentage of cases may undergo transformation into malignant melanoma.
👉 Other risk factors including light iris color, light skin color, ability to tan, northern European ancestry, and rarely a family history of uveal melanoma may predispose individuals to the disease.
👉 Those with pre-existing choroidal nevi are also at risk where the incidence of malignant transformation for each lesion is 1/5000 to 1/8845. However, the development of uveal melanoma is largely considered a sporadic event.
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🟣 Images:
Instagram @rubensbelfort. June 11, 2013.
Instagram @aaoeye. July 14, 2021.
Instagram @austin_retina_photography. April 28, 2017.
Instagram @ophthalmopaedia. May 13, 2021.
Instagram @surgeonretina, July 21, 2019.
Instagram @nyeye. May 4, 2020.
Instagram @angieolenik. February 4, 2021.
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👤 J.R. Fontenla, MD-PhD.
Medical Consultant in Ophthalmology
🏨 Hospital Clinic of Barcelona
Professor of Ophthalmology
🏛 University of Barcelona
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