Thessalonike or Solun ?

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Thessalonike or Solun ?

Inscribed base of a statue of Thessaloniki, of the 2nd c. A.D., found in the area of the ancient Agora and part of a group of statues of the family of Alexander the Great.
Inscription:
ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚΗΝ ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟΥ ΒΑΣΙΛΙΣΣΑΝ

Inscription reading
"To Queen Thessalonike, (Daughter) of Philip".
Archaeological Museum.

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The city was founded around 315 BC
by the King Cassander of Macedon, on or near the site of the ancient town of Therma and 26 other local villages. He named it after his wife Thessalonike, a half-sister of Alexander the Great and princess of Macedon as daughter of Philip II.
Under the kingdom of Macedon the city retained its own autonomy and parliament and evolved to become the most important city in Macedon.
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Robin Lane Fox
"The Classical world came to Afghanistan with Alexander the Great, between 329 bc and 327, he conquered the area before moving into India, but he left behind him settlers, cities that he found it, and of course being Greeks they express their culture. The Greek legacy is so strong because the art so divine beautiful. The legacy of Greek art reach in Afghanistan by sea on every land and came up into places that Alexander formerly ruled".
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Donald Kagan - Yale university
Quote:
"We know the Macedonians were fundamentally Greeks. That is to say they were Greek speakers and ethnically they were Greek".
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George Cawkwell - Oxford university
Quote:
"The Macedonians were Greeks, their language was Greek".
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"Historians refer to this enlarged Greek society as the Hellenistic world. At the start of his reign, the 20 year old Alexander was the crowned King of only Macedon - a crude Greek nation of north-east mainland Greece. His mother Olympias came from the ruling clan of the north-western Greek region of Epirus."
[David Sacks (1995), 'A Dictionary of the Ancient Greek World',
Oxford University]
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"As members of the Greek race, and speakers of the Greek language, the ancient Macedonians shared the ability to initiate ideas and create political forms."
[N G L Hammond, Professor of Greek / Fellow of the British Academy]
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"The latest archaeological evidence now confirms that [ancient] Macedonia was named after a Greek speaking tribe of people called the 'Makednoi', meaning in Greek highlanders' from the Greek 'macos' meaning tall, high, or long. Their local dialect of north-western Greek was later replaced by Attic Greek."
[Roger Wilson, 'Encyclopaedia of Ancient Greece']
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"What language did the Macedonians speak?
The name itself is Greek in root and ethnic termination. It means 'highlander' and is comparable to Greek tribal names such as 'Orestai' and 'Oretai' meaning 'mountain-men'. A reputedly earlier variant, 'maketai' has the same root, which means 'high' is in the Greek adjective 'makednos' or the noun 'mekos'.
[N G L Hammond, 'The Macedonian State']
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"Alexander was not the first Greek to recieve divine honours in his lifetime, but the precedents were very few, and of course, inevitably inexact."
('The Greeks Crucible of Civilisation', Ch. 15, p. 228)
[Paul Cartledge, Professor of Greek, Cambridge University]
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"He [Alexander] achieved what no other Greek leader had accomplished, in uniting all the individual city-states into one [Greek] nation."
[John Guy, 'Greek Life', p.22]
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‪"Hesiod first mentioned 'Makedon', the eponym of the people and the country, as a son of Zeus,a grandson of Deukalion, and so a first cousin of Aeolus, Dorus, and Xuthus; in other words he considered the 'Makedones' to be an outlying branch of the Greek-speaking tribes, with a distinctive dialect of their own, 'Macedonian'."‬
‪[N.G.L.Hammond, "Oxford Classical Dictionary", 3rd ed. (1996),pp.904,905]‬
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"Ancient Macedonia was - and still is - a territory of northern Greece,
the ancient Macedonians were of Greek origin and spoke a broader rougher dialect of Greek."
[Dr. Stephen Batchelor, 'The Ancient Greeks for Dummies']
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