A new theory of the universe-Neil Turok

This talk was recorded at the 2nd International Conference on Holography and its Applications.

Abstract: Observations of the universe have revealed a surprising economy in its basic laws
and structure. In this light, we have attempted to find new, simpler solutions to cosmology’s
central puzzles. Instead of postulating a pre-hot big bang period, such as inflation or a cosmic
bounce, each of which brings with it a great degree of arbitrariness, we extrapolate the
observed, extremely simple universe all the way back to the initial singularity. Conformal
symmetry allows us to analytically extend the observed cosmos to a mirror image of it before
the bang, and the method of images allows us to impose CPT symmetry on the quantum state.
In this way, we provide the simplest-yet explanation of the dark matter as consisting of a
single stable, massive RH neutrino. Forthcoming large scale galaxy surveys will closely test this
hypothesis. The baryon asymmetry can likewise readily be accounted for. We use our new
boundary conditions to calculate the gravitational entropy for fully realistic cosmologies, with
radiation, matter, lambda and space curvature. We find the gravitational entropy favours flat
universes, obviating inflation. It also favours a small, positive cosmological constant. Recently,
we discovered a new cure for the leading order divergences of standard model quantum fields
coupled to gravity, requiring no new particles. Remarkably, it explains why there are three
generations of standard model fermions. The mechanism uses dimension zero fields, which
are naturally conformal invariant and, in conformally flat spacetimes, have a single physical
state – the vacuum. In this state, they have scale-invariant fluctuations. I will show how these
generate scale-invariant, primordial curvature perturbations of the correct amplitude to
explain the observed cosmic microwave background anisotropies and the formation of
galaxies. I will also discuss potentially observable signatures.

[Rastlov]

I am very excited by Neil's new approach to solving so many nagging issues. We need more scientists like him.

[Lp]

Wow This is the news I have been waiting for for 3 years now ! I did watch Dr Neil Turok lecture "the simplicity of the universe" (or something like that ). This talk is on similar lines in that it shows how simple universe is. In this talk Dr Neil Turok unravels one of the the biggest puzzles in cosmology. A lot to unpack will look for the paper itself now.

[Bangz-Music]

Very impressive, ground-breaking work, Dr. Turok. Kudos to you and your team!

[williamjmccartan]

Thank you for sharing this event, and giving Neil a place to speak about his assessment of our current mathematics. Peace

[RichardKCollins]

At 50:00 I am really happy to be reminded about Bryce and Madame Dewitt. In 1972-75 I was stuck by their work. I had forgotten it was about vacuum and gravitational energy density. Prigogine and UT Austin fusion. When I got to UMD College Park, it was Misner, Thorne and Wheeler, Joe Weber and Robert Forward. I was too young to know how they all knew each other, I read everything that everyone wrote. When you are doing things, it is not always clear where all the pieces come from. You just have a good feeling when you work on certain things. You really did throw in everything and the kitchen sink. But words on paper are not usable models. Words have to be filtered through human brains and memories and hands. But real models stand independent and testable, just as reality and measurements. Richard Collins, The Internet Foundation

[johngrundowski]

Thanks, ,,,great presentation of quickly changing aspect of our future science. Well done & consise 🌌.

[DavidBorda-ozmu]

That start is not the best way to instill confidence…jeez 😮

[jonathonjubb]

Where is the simple version? Please...

[sheph]

Can't get enough Neil Turok.. thank you!

[DrWrapperband]

The quantum phase change that causes inflation at the "start of the Universe" could indicate a speed of light / time "speed" change. In a black hole time goes as slow as it can, to get any slower it must jumps down to a slower quantum state, possible millions of times slower. The residual matter of the primeval "Universe blackhole" will be caused to split up because the stable particles in the new Universe are much smaller.

[gilleslalancette]

Very interesting talk. Thanks to Mr. Turok and to Canadian Quantum Research Center. Bravo.
But if neutrino is dark matter, how do we explain the DM distributions they come with either in lensing or in the bullet cluster for example?
Many thanks!

[code-imposter]

This is fascinating, way over the top of my head. I'm curious though, because astrophysicist Pavel Kroupa has recently claimed that, quote "the existence of dark matter, cold dark matter, has been falsified with more than 5 Sigma confidence". Later in the video Pavel then says, quote "... one particular very nice test which falsifies the dark matter, existence of cold dark matter, or warm dark matter, with more than 10 Sigma confidence..."

Pavel is pursuing a version of MOND (Modified Newtonian dynamics). He points out that galaxies have bars which rotate around as the galaxies rotate. He then uses the analogy: The bar contains a lot of mass, and so it's like a spoon stirring in a cup of coffee, and that the bar slows and becomes smaller. Quote "This effect is absolutely not in the data".

So I'm really confused now.

Here's the video title "The dark matter myth | Pavel Kroupa full interview".

[philharmer]

12:58 into the video . Where do measurements come from ? The outside or the inside of the photo ?

[SpotterVideo]

Conservation of Spatial Curvature:
(Both Matter and Energy described as "Quanta" of Spatial Curvature. A string is revealed to be a twisted cord when viewed up close.)

Is there an alternative interpretation of "Asymptotic Freedom"? What if Quarks are actually made up of twisted tubes which become physically entangled with two other twisted tubes to produce a proton? Instead of the Strong Force being mediated by the constant exchange of gluons, it would be mediated by the physical entanglement of these twisted tubes. When only two twisted tubules are entangled, a meson is produced which is unstable and rapidly unwinds (decays) into something else. A proton would be analogous to three twisted rubber bands becoming entangled and the "Quarks" would be the places where the tubes are tangled together. The behavior would be the same as rubber balls (representing the Quarks) connected with twisted rubber bands being separated from each other or placed closer together producing the exact same phenomenon as "Asymptotic Freedom" in protons and neutrons. The force would become greater as the balls are separated, but the force would become less if the balls were placed closer together. Therefore, the gluon is a synthetic particle (zero mass, zero charge) invented to explain the Strong Force. An artificial Christmas tree can hold the ornaments in place, but it is not a real tree.

String Theory was not a waste of time, because Geometry is the key to Math and Physics. However, can we describe Standard Model interactions using only one extra spatial dimension? What did some of the old clockmakers use to store the energy to power the clock? Was it a string or was it a spring?

What if we describe subatomic particles as spatial curvature, instead of trying to describe General Relativity as being mediated by particles? Fixing the Standard Model with more particles is like trying to mend a torn fishing net with small rubber balls, instead of a piece of twisted twine.

Quantum Entangled Twisted Tubules:
“We are all agreed that your theory is crazy. The question which divides us is whether it is crazy enough to have a chance of being correct.” Neils Bohr
(lecture on a theory of elementary particles given by Wolfgang Pauli in New York, c. 1957–8, in Scientific American vol. 199, no. 3, 1958)

The following is meant to be a generalized framework for an extension of Kaluza-Klein Theory. Does it agree with some aspects of the “Twistor Theory” of Roger Penrose, and the work of Eric Weinstein on “Geometric Unity”, and the work of Dr. Lisa Randall on the possibility of one extra spatial dimension? During the early history of mankind, the twisting of fibers was used to produce thread, and this thread was used to produce fabrics. The twist of the thread is locked up within these fabrics. Is matter made up of twisted 3D-4D structures which store spatial curvature that we describe as “particles"? Are the twist cycles the "quanta" of Quantum Mechanics?

When we draw a sine wave on a blackboard, we are representing spatial curvature. Does a photon transfer spatial curvature from one location to another? Wrap a piece of wire around a pencil and it can produce a 3D coil of wire, much like a spring. When viewed from the side it can look like a two-dimensional sine wave. You could coil the wire with either a right-hand twist, or with a left-hand twist. Could Planck's Constant be proportional to the twist cycles. A photon with a higher frequency has more energy. ( E=hf, More spatial curvature as the frequency increases = more Energy ). What if Quark/Gluons are actually made up of these twisted tubes which become entangled with other tubes to produce quarks where the tubes are entangled? (In the same way twisted electrical extension cords can become entangled.) Therefore, the gluons are a part of the quarks. Quarks cannot exist without gluons, and vice-versa. Mesons are made up of two entangled tubes (Quarks/Gluons), while protons and neutrons would be made up of three entangled tubes. (Quarks/Gluons) The "Color Charge" would be related to the XYZ coordinates (orientation) of entanglement. "Asymptotic Freedom", and "flux tubes" are logically based on this concept. The Dirac “belt trick” also reveals the concept of twist in the ½ spin of subatomic particles. If each twist cycle is proportional to h, we have identified the source of Quantum Mechanics as a consequence twist cycle geometry.

Modern physicists say the Strong Force is mediated by a constant exchange of Gluons. The diagrams produced by some modern physicists actually represent the Strong Force like a spring connecting the two quarks. Asymptotic Freedom acts like real springs. Their drawing is actually more correct than their theory and matches perfectly to what I am saying in this model. You cannot separate the Gluons from the Quarks because they are a part of the same thing. The Quarks are the places where the Gluons are entangled with each other.

Neutrinos would be made up of a twisted torus (like a twisted donut) within this model. The twist in the torus can either be Right-Hand or Left-Hand. Some twisted donuts can be larger than others, which can produce three different types of neutrinos. If a twisted tube winds up on one end and unwinds on the other end as it moves through space, this would help explain the “spin” of normal particles, and perhaps also the “Higgs Field”. However, if the end of the twisted tube joins to the other end of the twisted tube forming a twisted torus (neutrino), would this help explain “Parity Symmetry” violation in Beta Decay? Could the conversion of twist cycles to writhe cycles through the process of supercoiling help explain “neutrino oscillations”? Spatial curvature (mass) would be conserved, but the structure could change.

Gravity is a result of a very small curvature imbalance within atoms. (This is why the force of gravity is so small.) Instead of attempting to explain matter as "particles", this concept attempts to explain matter more in the manner of our current understanding of the space-time curvature of gravity. If an electron has qualities of both a particle and a wave, it cannot be either one. It must be something else. Therefore, a "particle" is actually a structure which stores spatial curvature. Can an electron-positron pair (which are made up of opposite directions of twist) annihilate each other by unwinding into each other producing Gamma Ray photons?

Does an electron travel through space like a threaded nut traveling down a threaded rod, with each twist cycle proportional to Planck’s Constant? Does it wind up on one end, while unwinding on the other end? Is this related to the Higgs field? Does this help explain the strange ½ spin of many subatomic particles? Does the 720 degree rotation of a 1/2 spin particle require at least one extra dimension?

Alpha decay occurs when the two protons and two neutrons (which are bound together by entangled tubes), become un-entangled from the rest of the nucleons

. Beta decay occurs when the tube of a down quark/gluon in a neutron becomes overtwisted and breaks producing a twisted torus (neutrino) and an up quark, and the ejected electron. The production of the torus may help explain the “Symmetry Violation” in Beta Decay, because one end of the broken tube section is connected to the other end of the tube produced, like a snake eating its tail. The phenomenon of Supercoiling involving twist and writhe cycles may reveal how overtwisted quarks can produce these new particles. The conversion of twists into writhes, and vice-versa, is an interesting process, which is also found in DNA molecules. Could the production of multiple writhe cycles help explain the three generations of quarks and neutrinos? If the twist cycles increase, the writhe cycles would also have a tendency to increase.

Gamma photons are produced when a tube unwinds producing electromagnetic waves. ( Mass=1/Length )

The “Electric Charge” of electrons or positrons would be the result of one twist cycle being displayed at the 3D-4D surface interface of the particle. The physical entanglement of twisted tubes in quarks within protons and neutrons and mesons displays an overall external surface charge of an integer number. Because the neutrinos do not have open tube ends, (They are a twisted torus.) they have no overall electric charge.

Within this model a black hole could represent a quantum of gravity, because it is one cycle of spatial gravitational curvature. Therefore, instead of a graviton being a subatomic particle it could be considered to be a black hole. The overall gravitational attraction would be caused by a very tiny curvature imbalance within atoms.

In this model Alpha equals the compactification ratio within the twistor cone, which is approximately 1/137.

1= Hypertubule diameter at 4D interface

137= Cone’s larger end diameter at 3D interface where the photons are absorbed or emitted.

The 4D twisted Hypertubule gets longer or shorter as twisting or untwisting occurs. (720 degrees per twist cycle.)

How many neutrinos are left over from the Big Bang? They have a small mass, but they could be very large in number. Could this help explain Dark Matter?

Why did Paul Dirac use the twist in a belt to help explain particle spin? Is Dirac’s belt trick related to this model? Is the “Quantum” unit based on twist cycles?

I started out imagining a subatomic Einstein-Rosen Bridge whose internal surface is twisted with either a Right-Hand twist, or a Left-Hand twist producing a twisted 3D/4D membrane. This topological Soliton model grew out of that simple idea. I was also trying to imagine a way to stuff the

[RichardKCollins]

An actual bang at a particular location, at a particular time, in an existing large universe. The tilt, the expansion, the turbulence, the echoes and resonances. The many swirls and rotations. Gravity is almost perfectly Newtonian in many cases.Certainly for earth and the solar system gravitational imaging arrays to look inside the sun, moon and earth. And to map inside central regions. And, just after and before the bang. Quark gluon condensation, not only CPT. Richard Collins, The Internet Foundation

[Gringohuevon]

Neil tried to teach me String theory in the 90´s at Imperial..poor man! But great work!

[frankshifreen]

Dr Turok- without inflation - how about the problems that inflation solved- horizon, flatness, and magnetic monopole as well as other not so clear?

[RichardGoldwaterMD]

Very eager to learn more about where time asymmetry fits in, or about how the universe fits into time asymmetry. How do we know time is a dimension? Because we can measure it. But increasing entropy thanks to Boltzmann is only very likely to increase, not absolutely. No other dimension can make that statement. So, does your work imply an absolute asymmetry? Would that have anything to do with gravitational entropy? Would that make entropy a field of particles?

[ChristopherWentling]

Sound is absolutely terrible but still interesting.

[michaelccopelandsr]

Time is fascinating. I worked the subway stations for nearly 10 years. From one end of the city to the other. Every so often I would notice the city would be saying that, "Today just flew by" or "The day was just dragging along."  How can an entire city, with no interaction with each other until they used the subway, complain about the same time paradox unless it was effected by it? Maybe a time distorted bubble the earth passes through in its revolution around the sun. Maybe random waves of time distortion hitting the earth? Maybe they're given off by the sun. Maybe they're from outside our Terran system and reach us in intervals. ???? Ti-i-i-ime, is on my side. Yes, it is!