Everything You Need To Know About Lithium-Ion Batteries

Lithium-Ion Batteries - A Complete Guide For Beginners
Visuals & Animations Provided By LG Energy Solution

Lithium-ion batteries are currently transforming the automotive space, so in this video we’ll deep dive into the technology answering the following questions:
1) What is a lithium-ion battery?
2) How does a lithium-ion battery work?
3) How is a lithium-ion battery made?

LG Energy Solution has been researching batteries since 1992, and with over 30 years of experience in the space, they have accumulated over 27,000 battery related patents. I visited LG Energy Solution Michigan in Holland, which has an annual output of 5GWh, though an expansion is being built, which is going to provide 25 GWh of output. There’s a lot in store for the future of batteries!

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[tozzasque]

Joined for the Mechanical Engineering, stayed for the Electromechanical and Chemical Engineering.
Thanks for being so loyal to the core meaning of this channel. I love your contents, Jason ❤️

[rickmorenojr]

Now you need to do a part Two, explaining the differences between NMC and LFP type Lithium-ion batteries..

[GrimReaping]

Great explanation! You should definitely do more electric vehicle engineering info. I'd really like to understand the process behind regenerative braking and how some of the other systems work in electric vehicles, and your explanations are some of the best.

[beyondfossil]

Excellent overview!

At 6:37 - battery charging slows down at the end because of more practical reasons too:

(1) The battery's voltage rises near the end so the voltage gap that the charger has over the battery is smaller. Since current I=V/R then current at the end is naturally less the end since V becomes smaller and smaller as the battery charges.

(2) The charger may naturally slow down charging because it does not want to over charge the battery past any of the battery cell's limits (4.2V for Lithium-ion). This is better than having the BMS forcibly disconnect the charging process -- see (3) below.

(3) The BMS may actually cut off charging if any cell is past the cell's upper limit to avoid possible damage and fire. After a time of 0 charging current, the cells drop back down in voltage and the BMS will then re-connect the charger. This can happen over and over again making charging is slower at the end.

[thomasrogers]

Battery chemistry is legitimately one of my most favorite areas of research!

[davidhuber]

Great video! This could be the start of a series going into things like "full" and "empty" voltages and how they effect pack longevity, temperature's effect on charge/discharge rates and regenerative breaking, the trends in price, mass and volume per Kwh and more.

[RSokol]

Please do more of these electrical vehicle videos! I’m a senior in Electrical Engineering and am scared school isn’t teaching me enough for the real world. I’ve been watching your channel since freshman year of high school and wouldn’t be where I am without your channel.

[janosadelsberger]

I absolutely love that you can explain all that with a simple whiteboard. Shows that fancy animations don't always make things easier to understand :)

[johnwardale]

WOW! ... just **WOW**!! TY so very much for the basics thru the nitty-gritty! I've tried to follow some of this (as a fellow [now retired] engineer, techo geek and gear head), but your diagrams always solidify concepts. In this case the WHOLE concept of a separator was never ever explained to me, so a BIG "light bulb" moment!

Your videos are amazing, and I love your channel, but this is probably my first deep comment and thank you 1e6 times!
Also many TY's to LG, I will keep them in mind for future purchases!

[ronaldlenz]

Well done Jason! I'm a chemical engineer.

[johnvender]

It would be interesting to see you go through the differences between traditional Lithium Ion batteries and Lithium Ion Phosphate batteries. My understanding is Lithium Ion Phosphate batteries are less energy dense but have a big advantage when it comes to being much less prone to catching on fire. Fire fighter friends of mine have told me charging of cheaply made Lithium Ion batteries such as those used in electric bicycles has resulted in a very significant growth to fire call outs and these fires can be quite difficult to put out.

[CKCD]

I honestly searched for a EE video on Li-ion a few hours ago, finally we have it! :D

[lucianbakerii]

In the charge cycle, electrons are driven into the cathode by the external power supply. These electrons combine with lithium ions to produce neutral lithium atoms which migrate back to the anode. Lithium is chosen due to its high redox electrochemical potential. The battery performs reversible reduction and oxidation chemical reactions. The electrochemical potential defines the voltage of one cell of the battery. With lithium, that can be as much as 4.2V.

[GhostRyderFPV]

LG's HG2 was a _game changer_ in the drone world. For the first time, a Li-Ion had the discharge capacity to be considered for flight packs in fixed wing models, and I bought enough to support many car payments for their staff. I remember these cells being responsible for re-writing my checklists - cutoff voltages are quite different than Li-Po, and as such can be used safely at lower voltages than their more volatile counterparts. One issue I found, quite dramatically: in 3S configurations, you will discover which equipment requires over 10V to function: I'm looking at you video transmitters!

[RiseMrFreeman]

I have been working in the battery industry for 6+ years. This is a very good summary. Any more and the video would have been an hour long

[wallabypumba]

Videos like this are an absolute treasure. Thank you so much. Amazing job.

[dj_laundry_list]

All this materials science Please more of this

[mattguerra]

Very interesting, thank you! I’d be curious to hear your explanation comparing the conventional lithium batteries to the newly developed blade batteries from BYD.

[leo]

This is so fascinating! So cool to see this process. I’m super curious to see more about how these batteries are recycled

[PowerShellWizard]

As an electrical engineer, i really appreciated the presentation here! I only wish my college professors were half as good as you :)