𝟎𝟖. 𝐂𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐜𝐚𝐯𝐢𝐭𝐲 (𝐃𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐟𝐨𝐥𝐝𝐬 & 𝐃𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐮𝐬𝐞𝐬)

This video explains the cranial cavity, dural folds, and dural venous sinuses, in addition to their related applied anatomy (including MCQ, practical, and interactive questions).

* 𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐩𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐬 (𝐭𝐢𝐦𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐦𝐩𝐬)💡الفصول (الطوابع الزمنية)
00:00 - Intro (مقدمة)
00:21 - Content (المحتوى)
01:18 - Coverings of the brain
02:53 - Dura mater
10:23 - 𝗗𝘂𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗳𝗼𝗹𝗱𝘀
15:33 - Falx cerebri
18:07 - Tentorium cerebelli
25:31 - Falx cerebelli
26:27 - Diaphragma sellae
27:00 - 𝐕𝐞𝐧𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐝𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐮𝐬𝐞𝐬
27:10 - Characters
28:16 - Classifications
30:43 - Cavernous sinus
30:45 - Site and size
32:26 - Relations
37:15 - Structures inside
39:13 - Tributaries
40:57 - Communications
41:54 - Drainage
42:50 - Applied anatomy
47:10 - MCQ
50:07 - Interactive questions

* 𝐌𝐂𝐐: 💪 👋
What is true about tentorium cerebelli?
A. It forms a tentorial notch around the medulla
B. The abducent nerve pierces it
C. The occipital sinus is related to it
D. Its free margin is attached to the anterior clinoid process

Which sinus is related to falx cerebri?
A. Occipital sinus
B. Straight sinus
C. Superior petrosal sinus
D. Inferior petrosal sinus

Which sinus is related to falx cerebelli?
A. Occipital
B. Superior sagittal
C. Inferior sagittal
D. Cavernous

Which structure is related to the cavernous sinus?
A. External carotid artery
B. Oculomotor nerve
C. Hypoglossal nerve
D. Olfactory nerve

Which dural fold that separates the cerebellum from the cerebrum?
A. Tentorium cerebelli
B. Falx cerebri
C. Falx cerebelli
D. Cavum trigeminale

Which dural fold is attached to both anterior and posterior clinoid processes?
A. Free margin of tentorium cerebelli.
B. Falx cerebelli.
C. Diaphragm sellae
D. Falx cerebri

Which of the following layers of dura matter separates the two cerebral hemispheres?
A. Flax cerebri
B. Flax cerebelli
C. Tentorium cerebelli
D. Diaphragma sellea

Which is true about the dural sinus?
A. The left transverse sinus is bigger than the right one
B. The inferior sagittal sinus unites with a small cerebral vein to form the straight sinus
C. The superior sagittal sinus drains into the left transverse sinus
D. The sigmoid sinus continues as an internal jugular sinus

A 52-year-old male patient came to the ER complaining of severe headache, over the past few weeks he had difficulty in moving his eye. Radiographic studies reveal an internal carotid artery aneurysm within the cavernous sinus. Which cranial nerve would be initially affected by the aneurysm and explain the difficulty in moving his eye?
A. Oculomotor
B. Trochlear
C. Abducent
D. Ophthalmic

A 19-year-old young man developed cavernous sinus thrombophlebitis after a 1-week history of a single acne-like lesion at the anterior tip of his nose. He presented with a headache, periorbital edema, diplopia, and a fever (39 °C). What vein is the most likely route for the spread of this infection to the cavernous sinus?
A. Ophthalmic
B. Superior cerebral
C. Maxillary
D. Supraorbital

Which of the following is medially related to the cavernous sinus?
A. Sphenoidal air sinus
B. Uncus of the temporal lobe of the brain
C. Trigeminal ganglion.
D. Diaphragm sellae

* 𝐅𝐨𝐫 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐜𝐭: 📢
📞𝐌𝐨𝐛𝐢𝐥𝐞 (𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭𝐬𝐀𝐩𝐩): [phone]

* 𝐇𝐚𝐬𝐡𝐭𝐚𝐠: 🔍
#cranial_cavity
#dural_folds
#dural_venous_sinuses

[haiderbassim]

00:00 - Intro
27:00 - Venous Dural Sinuses
27:10 - Characters
28:16 - Classifications
30:43 - Cavernous Sinus
30:45 - Site and Size
32:26 - Relations
37:15 - Structures Inside
39:13 - Tributaries
40:57 - Communications
41:54 - Drainage
42:50 - Applied Anatomy
47:10 - MCQ
50:07 - Interactive Questions

[takwaellakwa]

My genuine thanks for this amazing lecture 🌼🌷
The answer of the interactive Q: This case is known as CSF rhinorrhea where the head trauma leads to fracture of the skull bones (paranasal sinuses are more prone to fracture due to their thin walls) leading to tearing of the dura and leakage of the CSF.

[zainabali-udso]

اوف يربي😩🥺
شهالشرح الاكثرررررر من رائع متحملت اكمل المحاضرة بلا ما اعلقققق😩☄️🪐🪐🪐
ان شاء الله بميزان حسناتك😞🤍🤍🌼

[khadija.Alhussainy]

يا رب توكلت عليك بتسهيل امري و دراستي فما توفيقي إلا بالله عليه توكلت و هو رب العرش العظيم

[Sayuu]

ازاي هنكمل بقية الاناتومي من غير الجمال ده⁦❤️⁩
ربنا يبارك فيك يدكتور

[omarsamyi]

Amazing Lecture,
شكرا يا دكتور والله هيوحشني حضرتك و شرح حضرتك باقي الموديول 🥺❤️

[No_iim]

ماكو كلمات توصف الشرح 🫶🔥🔥🔥
بميزان حسناتك يارب

[محمدسمير-ظد]

جزاك الله كل خير يا دكتور .. ارجو من حضرتك مواصلة شرح head & neck كاملا وشكرا جزيلا

[NOoR-gozg]

دكتور فعلا اني مكدرت اخلصها مرة وحدة سويتها نوبتين يعني لان ثقيلة من ناحية المعلومات الحمدلله طمنتني ❤

[mohamedelshrbeny]

When greatness speaks this is the result 💜💜

[الاءمصطفى-غو]

coverings of the brain_ 1:18
dura mater_ 2:53
dural folds_ 10:23
falx cerebri_ 15:33
tentorium cerebelli_ 18:07
falx cerebelli_ 25:31
diaphragma sellae_ 26:27

[hajar]

ما شاء الله بجد على الشرح والتوضيح جزاك الله خيرا دكتور أيمن
Doctor please, does the dangerous area of the face extend posteriorly to the upper gums and teeth or just the skin of the face

[Mohamed-gpnz]

thanks for the excellant lecture 1-this fluid passing from his nose is cerebrospinal fluid leakage (CSF leak ) 2-the common cause for this is the head trauma as it lead to fractures in temporal or face bones which lead to tearing in dura matter and leakage of CSF

[RAN-mhfx]

عظمة يا دكتور اللهم بارك
يعطيك العافية ❤️

[hamodeale]

بارك الله في جهودكم .. في ميزان حسناتك دكتور .. " الطلاب عندنا بالجامعة مسمينك عراب الاناتومي"

[raghadrefaee]

حزينة اوي انو حضرتك مش هتكمل معنا الموديول دا

[fatimaAl-hashim]

Answer:

When a patient experiences head trauma followed by clear fluid leaking from the nose, it is most likely cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea, which indicates the leakage of cerebrospinal fluid through the nasal cavity.

Anatomical Explanation:
• Cerebrospinal fluid surrounds the brain and spinal cord within the meninges.
• In cases of severe head trauma, there may be a fracture at the base of the skull, particularly in the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone.
• The cribriform plate contains small openings that allow the olfactory nerve fibers to pass through. If this plate fractures, it can lead to a tear in the dura mater, allowing cerebrospinal fluid to escape into the nasal cavity and leak out through the nose.

Clinical Notes:
• The fluid is typically clear and non-viscous.
• Associated symptoms may include headache or an increased risk of meningitis.
• Testing the fluid (e.g., for Beta-2 transferrin) can confirm whether it is cerebrospinal fluid.

Treatment:
• Immediate medical attention is required to prevent complications like meningitis.
• Surgical repair may be necessary to close the dural tear.

[DrSherineJaber]

ربنا يبارك في حضرتك يا دكتور شرح رائع جدا

[selemamubeen]

الله ايباركلك دكتور ، موضوع صعب جعلته هين ، الله ايسهلك 💜...

[malakahmed]

doctor the dural venous sinuses are devoid of muscular tissue and valveless veins how it drain the blood ??