Indonesia | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Indonesia


00:03:48 1 Etymology
00:05:14 2 History
00:05:23 2.1 Early history
00:08:09 2.2 Colonial era
00:10:40 2.3 Modern era
00:13:52 3 Geography
00:15:33 3.1 Climate
00:18:14 3.2 Geology
00:20:10 3.3 Biodiversity
00:22:41 3.4 Environment
00:25:21 4 Government and politics
00:27:48 4.1 Parties and elections
00:29:09 4.2 Political divisions
00:31:35 4.3 Foreign relations
00:33:37 4.4 Military
00:35:37 5 Economy
00:40:01 5.1 Transport
00:42:06 5.2 Energy
00:44:01 5.3 Science and technology
00:46:36 5.4 Tourism
00:49:32 6 Demographics
00:50:57 6.1 Ethnicity and language
00:53:23 6.2 Urban centres
00:53:32 6.3 Religion
00:58:11 6.4 Education and health
01:00:26 6.5 Issues
01:01:35 7 Culture
01:02:28 7.1 Art and architecture
01:04:50 7.2 Music, dance and clothing
01:07:52 7.3 Theatre and cinema
01:11:24 7.4 Media and literature
01:14:40 7.5 Cuisine
01:15:58 7.6 Sports
01:18:14 8 See also



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"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing."
- Socrates



SUMMARY
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Indonesia ( (listen) IN-də-NEE-zhə, -zee-ə; Indonesian: [ɪndoneˈsia]), officially the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Republik Indonesia [rɛpublik ɪndoneˈsia]), is a country in Southeast Asia, between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It is the world's largest island country, with more than seventeen thousand islands, and at 1,904,569 square kilometres (735,358 square miles), the 14th largest by land area and the 7th largest in combined sea and land area. With over 261 million people, it is the world's 4th most populous country as well as the most populous Muslim-majority country. Java, the world's most populous island, contains more than half of the country's population.
The sovereign state is a presidential, constitutional republic with an elected parliament. It has 34 provinces, of which five have special status. Jakarta, the country's capital, is the second most populous urban area in the world. The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and the eastern part of Malaysia. Other neighbouring countries include Singapore, Vietnam, the Philippines, Australia, Palau, and India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Despite its large population and densely populated regions, Indonesia has vast areas of wilderness that support a high level of biodiversity. The country has abundant natural resources like oil and natural gas, tin, copper and gold. Agriculture mainly produces rice, palm oil, tea, coffee, cacao, medicinal plants, spices and rubber. Indonesia's major trading partners are China, United States, Japan, Singapore and India.The Indonesian archipelago has been an important region for trade since at least the 7th century, when Srivijaya and then later Majapahit traded with Chinese dynasties and Indian kingdoms. Local rulers gradually absorbed foreign cultural, religious and political models from the early centuries CE, and Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms flourished. Indonesian history has been influenced by foreign powers drawn to its natural resources. Muslim traders and Sufi scholars brought Islam, while European powers brought Christianity and fought one another to monopolise trade in the Spice Islands of Maluku during the Age of Discovery. Indonesia experienced a long period of Dutch colonialism that started from Amboina and Batavia, eventually covering all of the archipelago including Timor and Western New Guinea, and at times interrupted by Portuguese, French and British rule. During the decolonisation of Asia after World War II, Indonesia achieved independence in 1949 following an armed and diplomatic conflict with the Netherlands.
Indonesia consists of hundreds of distinct native ethnic and linguistic groups, with the largest—and politically dominant—ethnic group being the Javanese. A shared identity has developed, defined by a national language, ethnic diversity, religious pluralism within a Muslim-majority population, and a history of colonialism and rebellion against it. Indonesia's national motto, "Bhinneka Tunggal Ika" ("Unity in Diversity" literally, "m ...