Personal Computer Architecture

This computer science video includes useful information if you are thinking of buying, building, upgrading or overclocking your own personal computer. It also serves as a basis for further study of individual components such as DRAM or GPUs. The video introduces the architecture of a modern personal computer. The main components on a PC motherboard are identified including the central processing unit, the graphics adaptor, the Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) and the so called chip set. The various busses connecting these components are also mentioned including the memory bus, PCI Express, and Direct Media Interface. The structure of a typical multi-core CPU is described including the built in memory controller, built in graphics controller and the CPU cache. The structure and operation of the CPU cache is illustrated; specifically the way in which the cache is organised in levels and the way that data and instructions move around in 64 byte blocks known as cache lines. The utility CPU-Z is then used to examine some of the components of real PC.

[masoudsultani]

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[mohamedchiboub]

Man this crystal clear explanation reflects the neat mastery you got in computer science !

[guitarwnz]

Crystal clear information and perfect delivery. Thank you.

[kcvinu]

Thanks for the great tutorial. While listening to you, I don't know why, I feel like I am a native English speaking person. Like, language is not a barrier when it come to your tutorial. Excellent narration.

[DJDextek]

Wow your videos have been a lifesaver multiple times haha. Love coming across your channel randomly while studying, you explain things very well

[mohammadsaleem]

The best and easy to understand lectures!

[Amir-kzyq]

Couldn't be explained better. Great work

[scuti]

takeaways:
The chipset was originally the north and south bridge.
North (memory and graphics controller): connected to CPU and controls DRAM and GPU.
South: input and output devices.
you cannot mix and match cpu, DRAM, and CPU because the CPU holds the memory controller and graphics controller, and the chipset controls the peripherals and dictates the type of CPU it can work with and control.
A crystal oscillates at a constant frequency in the CPU (base clock). Frequency multiplier circuits dictate at which the rate at which the CPU runs at. Overclocking means that you can tweak the speed of these multiplier circuits.
Cache memory (static RAM) are flip flop latch circuits, and it is much faster than DRAM. Lose data when power is off.
DRAM: made of capacitors. Leak charge and need refreshing?
L1-L3: smaller memory and faster access - larger memory and slower access.
Program counter: stores the next instruction to fetch
Instructions are fetched in a "cache line" of 64 bytes.

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[hernani_neto]

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[RiaziMohandesi]

thank you sir. good visual explanation for intermediate users.

[Xxnightwalk]

very clear and very instructive
I finally start to understand the tool I use everyday X)

[randompotato]

thank you for the effort. your videos are unique because they connect theory with practical application.

[Decco]

"8 or more cores will soon be the norm"

*laughs in Threadripper*

[thechileanreawakening]

wooo many thanks for all this videos. amazing channel !

[avinashtunguturi]

Sir I am from India. Thank you for videos. I am understanding your courses very well. Please make a series on Architecture and Organisation.

[ImNotADrug]

I have a question, what happens when a cache line gets to L1 DCache? Since L1 Dcache is 32 bytes and the cache line is 64, does that mean the Cache line gets segmented and 32 bytes stay in L2 and the 32 bytes in L1 -> Core and then L2 -> L1 -> Core ?

[ankulek]

Great, I'm going to watch the whole series. One comment, could you do bigger subtitles on the slides ;)

[adityantamarapu]

Thanks. Great video. But zoom can be helpful. Letters are small for my vision.

[FreakinKatGaming]

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