Computer Network - ICMP (Part 3) - Ping and Traceroute

o The IP protocol has no error-reporting or error-correcting mechanism.
o The IP protocol also lacks a mechanism for host and management queries.
o The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) has been designed to compensate for the above two deficiencies.
o It is a companion to the IP protocol.
o Topics discussed in this section:
 Types of Messages Message Format
 Error Reporting and
 Query Debugging Tools

o Utilities that use ICMP:
 Ping
 Traceroute